1. The Microscope

2. The History Zacharias Jansen 1588-1631 The “First” Microscope The History Video

3. The History Hans and Zacharias Janssen in the 1590’s created the “first” compound microscope Anthony van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke made improvements by working on the lenses Anthony van Leeuwenhoek 1632-1723 Robert Hooke 1635-1703 Hooke Microscope

4. Simple Compound Stereoscopic Electron

5. Simple Microscope Similar to a magnifying glass and has only one lense.

6. Compound Microscope Lets light pass through an object and then through two or more lenses.

7. Stereoscopic Microscope Gives a three dimensional view of an object. (Examples: insects and leaves)

8. Fruit Fly

9. Electron Microscope Uses a magnetic field to bend beams of electrons; instead of using lenses to bend beams of light.

10. Pollen

11. How a Microscope Works Ocular Lens (Magnifies Image) Objective Lens (Gathers Light, Magnifies And Focuses Image Inside Body Tube) Body Tube (Image Focuses)

12. The Parts of a Microscope

13. Body Tube Nose Piece 3,4,5 are Objective Lenses Stage Clips Diaphragm Light Source Ocular Lens Arm Stage Coarse AdjCoarse Adj. Fine Adjustment Base Skip to Magnification Section

14. Body Tube holds the objective lenses and the ocular lens at the proper distance Diagram

15. Nose Piece holds the objective lenses and can be turned to increase the magnification Diagram

16. Objective Lenses The Objective Lenses increase magnification (usually from 10x to 40x) Diagram

17. Stage Clips hold the slide/specimen in place on the stage. Diagram

18. Diaphragm controls the amount of light on the slide/specimen Turn to let more light in or to make dimmer. Diagram

19. Light Source Projects light upwards through the diaphragm, the specimen and the lenses Diagram

20. Ocular Lens/Eyepiece Magnifies the specimen image Diagram

21. Arm Supports the microscope when carried. Holds the body tube, nose piece and objective lenses Diagram

22. Stage Supports the slide/specimen Diagram

23. Coarse Adjustment Knob Moves the stage up and down (quickly) for focusing your image Diagram

24. Fine Adjustment Knob This knob moves the stage SLIGHTLY to sharpen the image Diagram

25. Base Supports the microscope Diagram

26. Magnification To determine your magnification…you just multiply the ocular lens by the objective lens Ocular 10x Objective 40x:10 x 40 = 400 Objective Lens have their magnification written on them. Ocular lenses usually magnifies by 10x So the object is 400 times “larger”

27. Magnification and Orientation

28. Resolution Resolution ( d ) is the degree to which a microscope can distinguish fine details. The number represents the minimum distance that must separate two points for them to be distinguished by the human eye.

29. Field of View and Light Intensity As the magnification increases--- The field of view decreases and the light intensity decreases

30. Using a Microscope Start on the lowest magnification Place slide on stage and lock clips Adjust light source Use course Adjustment to focus specimen Switch to High Power Use fine adjustment to focus Don’t use the coarse adjustment knob on high magnification…you’ll break the slide!!!

31. Caring for a Microscope Clean only with a soft cloth/tissue Make sure it’s on a flat surface Don’t bang it Carry it with 2 HANDS…one on the arm and the other on the base

32. Carry a Microscope Correctly