1. A CIDS ! Chapter 25 Section 1A

2. G ENERAL C HARACTERISTICS Electrolyte Conducts current when dissolved in water Aqueous solution has sour taste Change colour of indicator Indicator: organic acid or base that changes colour when it is ionized by reaction with acid or base Phenolphthalein is clear in acid Litmus is red in acid React with bases to produce salt and water Salt: inorganic ionic compound

3. G ENERAL C HARACTERISTICS C ONTINUED Sometimes react with active metal to form hydrogen gas and salt Ex: Mg (s) + 2 HNO 3 (aq) --> Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) React with metallic carbonates to form carbon dioxide gas, water and salt Ex: Hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium carbonate to form?

4. A CID N OMENCLATURE Nomenclature: naming system Binary acids: contain only hydrogen and an electronegative element Naming: hydro-element name-ic acid Hydrofluoric acid Hydrochloric acid

5. A CID N OMENCLATURE Oxyacids: contain hydrogen, oxygen and another element (nonmetal) Name based on polyatomic ion contained in acid Most common ion (-ate) named ion -ic acid One less oxygen: (-ite) named ion -ous acid Two less oxygen: named hypo- ion -ous acid More oxygen: named per- ion -ic acid

6. O XYACID N OMENCLATURE E XAMPLE Root ion: chlorate ClO 3 - Perchloric acid: HClO 4 Chloric acid: HClO 3 Chlorous acid: HClO 2 Hypochlorous acid: HClO