1. Grab your clicker Take out your writing utensil Put the remainder of your materials in/under your desk.

2. February 7, 2012

3. Today, we will be learning about the Tang and Song dynasties.

4. A.D. 200 – Han empire ends *China has no central gov’t for 300 years *Warlords (military leaders running the government) fought each other

5. *Nomads conquered parts of northern China *Koreans gained independence from China and built their own civilization

6. *Wendi – *General *declared emperor *reunited China (A.D. 581) *founded the Sui dynasty *Yangdi – Wendi’s son. Dreamed of expanding China’s territory.

7. Yangdi Achievements *Rebuilt the great wall *Building the Grand Canal (1,000 mile waterway linked northern, southern China) *United China’s economy (an organized way in which people produce, sell, and buy things)

8. Yangdi Hardships *Farmers forced to work on building projects and pay high taxes *Farmers revolted, army took over, killed Yangdi *End to the Sui dynasty

9. *A.D. 618 – one of Yangdi’s generals took over Tang Dynasty formed *Last A.D. 618 – A.D. 907 Capital – Changan

10. Reforms *Civil service exam restored, land given to farmers, and order in the country side under Taizong (most powerful emperor) *Empress Wu – only woman to rule China alone. *Very forceful *Added more gov’t officials *Strengthened military forces

11. Accomplishments *Power regained in Asia *Expansion *Tibet invaded *Controlled the Silk Road *Korean Kingdoms Forced to pay tribute *Took over Vietnam Problems Tang Problems *Turks – took over Silk Road (damaged China’s economy) *Revolts *Tibet *Farmers *Disorder brings down dynasty (A.D. 907) Military leaders ruled (50 yrs.)

12. Accomplishments *Chinese civilization became the most advanced in the world *Enlarged gov’t bureaucracy, reformed civil service examination system Neo-Confucianism gained favor, emphasizing Confucian ethics, spiritual matters *Not enough soldiers to control the empire *Tibet broke away *Nomads took over N. China Problems *Capital moved to Hangzhou – on the coast near the Chang Jiang delta *A.D. 960 – a general declares himself emperor Dynasty rules from A.D. 960-1279

13. *A.D. 150 – missionaries from India brought Buddhism to China *Tang Support Han dynasty was weakening *China develops into a civil war *Need for peace and comfort Tang rulers Not Buddhist, but allowed it to be practiced. *Supported building of temples

14. Services *Ran schools *Room/food for travelers *Monks – bankers, doctors Haters *Wrong to accept $$$$ *No marriage = no respect for family *A.D. 845 – officials feared growth of Buddhism monasteries & temples destroyed Buddhism never recovered

15. *A.D. 300 – Buddhists bring religion to Korea *A.D. 600 – Korea is united into one country *Buddhism grew even stronger

16. Legend of how it spread to Japan: *Korea’s king wrote to Japan’s emperor claiming: “This religion is the most excellent of all teachings” *The letter also contained Buddhist writings and a stature of the Buddha

17. Confucius’ believed that a good gov’t depended on wise leaders *Civil service exams were a product of Confucian teachings

18. *When the Han dynasty fell it left no one to give the exams. *Confucianism lost support

19. *This life is just as important as the afterlife *Supported by the Tang & Song dynasties *Merit system – people accepted for their abilities, not their connections or wealth

20. *Many considered the test unfair because only the wealthy could afford tutors, and only males could take the exams *Only 1 in 5 passed. *Scholar-officials made up a new wealthy social class No physical work Not even taught to use their hands