1. Pathogenicity of Bacteria

2. Campylobacter spp. Salmonella spp. Escherichia coli 76 Million Cases of Food-borne illness every year in the USA 325,000 result in hospitalization 5,000 in death u students.umf.maine.edu www.skyhighway.com slog.thestranger.com 94,360 cases of MRSA in 2005 18,650 of which were fatal 1.86 billion infected with Mycobacteria tuberculosis Cholera Year Estimated Deaths: 120,000 # of Cases per Year: 3-5 million

3. 1399 known human pathogens 541 Bacteria Discovered at a rate of 3 per year ~500 Pathogens occur in livestock 40% are zoonotic Pathogens in dogs are more than 70% zoonotic

4. Terms Pathogenicity –Ability of an organism to cause disease Virulence Factors –Substances that contribute to pathogenicity Plasmid –Transferable self-replicating DNA –Transferred by conjugation Genomic Islands –A part of genome with evidence of horizontal origins –May be on plasmids

5. Horizontal Gene Transfer upload.wikimedia.org From one generation to the next Within a single generation