1. Sonnet XXXI By Sir Phillip Sidney

2. Sir Phillip Sidney Knight in Queen Elizabeth’s court. Revitalized sonnet form with a 108 sonnet series called Astrophel and Stella. Wrote it circa 1576. Some believe that in his poems, he was referring to his own futile love with Penelope Devereux (Rich).

3. Astrophel and Stella Greek roots: astro = star, phil = lover Latin roots: stella = star Astrophel + Stella = </3 Who is Astrophel? Who is Stella? What is the theme of the sonnet series?

4. What’s an apostrophe? It’s not this: It is when you direct dialogue towards an inanimate object; in this case, it’s the Moon.

5. Assonance “Do they above love to be loved, and yet…” How now brown cow?

6. Alliteration “With how sad steps, O Moon, thou climb’st the skies!” “Sure, if that long with love-acquainted eyes…” “I read it in thy looks; thy languisht grace…” Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

7. Symbol “That busy archer his sharp arrow tries?” I shoot you!!

8. Euphemism “Are beauties there as proud as here they be…”

9. Metonymy “Are beauties there as proud as here they be…”

10. Personification “With how sad steps, O Moon, thou climb’st the skies!” Moonwalking That’s not personification!! Here’s a moon walking.

11. Theme/Message Theme: Having lovesickness in common with the Moon. Message: Rejection is universal. 

12. Relevance Then & Now: Everyone faces rejection and, therefore, it is a commonality among all living beings.