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Phylum Porifera A.K.A.Sponges
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Sponges are an animal?? Yes, they are!!! Yes, they are!!! Sessile- sponges do not move; anchored to one place (rock or shell) Sessile- sponges do not move; anchored to one place (rock or shell) Sponges have no specialized tissues, organs, or symmetry Sponges have no specialized tissues, organs, or symmetry Basically a sponge is a bunch of cells grouped together Basically a sponge is a bunch of cells grouped together Live in shallow seas & some in fresh water Live in shallow seas & some in fresh water
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General Characteristics Asymmetric (no true symmetry) Asymmetric (no true symmetry) Wide variety of colors Wide variety of colors Shapes- look like balls, discs, vases, Shapes- look like balls, discs, vases, branching shrubs, or small trees branching shrubs, or small trees “pore-bearing”- look like a sack full of “pore-bearing”- look like a sack full of holes holes
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Skeletal system Spongin- flexible protein Spongin- flexible protein Spicules- spikes/needles Spicules- spikes/needles of calcium carbonate of calcium carbonate Provide support SpiculesSpongin
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Digestion Filter feeder (heterotroph)- bring in small food particles from water through porocytes (pores) & travels through spongocoel (central cavity) Filter feeder (heterotroph)- bring in small food particles from water through porocytes (pores) & travels through spongocoel (central cavity) Then the choanocytes trap & digest food; Then the choanocytes trap & digest food; Next, amoebocytes carry nutrients to cells & take away waste; Next, amoebocytes carry nutrients to cells & take away waste; Finally, the remaining water leaves through the osculum (opening at top of sponge) Finally, the remaining water leaves through the osculum (opening at top of sponge)
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Hey, nice choanocyte you got there!
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Nervous and Circulatory System Sponges don’t have them!! Sponges don’t have them!!
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Respiration Diffusion- oxygen from water moves into sponge cells (high to low) Diffusion- oxygen from water moves into sponge cells (high to low)
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Reproduction Asexual- budding -small piece of sponge breaks off from parent & develops into a full grown sponge Asexual- budding -small piece of sponge breaks off from parent & develops into a full grown sponge Sexual- hermaphrodites (produce eggs & sperm at different times); Sexual- hermaphrodites (produce eggs & sperm at different times); sperm cells made by one sponge are carried to another sponge by water & once inside the sperm fertilizes the egg; sperm cells made by one sponge are carried to another sponge by water & once inside the sperm fertilizes the egg; egg develops into a larvae & attaches itself to an object in the water where it develops into an adult egg develops into a larvae & attaches itself to an object in the water where it develops into an adult
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Excretion Waste is collected by the amoebocytes through diffusion & it leaves through the osculum Waste is collected by the amoebocytes through diffusion & it leaves through the osculum
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