1. The Legacies of Ancient Greece

2. What is a legacy?
Traditions, skills and knowledge of a culture that get passed on to people in the future
What will
they write
of your legacy?
Something a culture is known for
A gift from the past

3. The Legacies of Ancient Greece
democracy
scientific
method
classification
epics
trial by
jury
theater
Hippocratic
Oath
architecture
Olympics
Socratic
Method
marathon
Greek
mythology
tragedy
comedy
philosophy

4. The Arts and Architecture
What new elements did Greek art and architecture introduce?
Drama
Actors
Tragedy and Comedy
Sculpture
Architecture

5. Drama
Greeks invented drama (which was the written work performed by actors).
Drama contests were part of religious festivals.

6. Actors
Men played all parts, including female roles; wore costumes, masks.

7. Tragedy and Comedy
Serious drama showing downfall of important character
Themes included love, hate, and war.
Less serious drama; often made fun of politics, people, and ideas.

8. Sculpture Greek sculptors aimed to capture ideal in work:
Tried to show objects, humans as perfectly as possible.
Tried to create order, beauty, harmony.

9. Sculpture
Art works were large, outdoors; statues of gods placed in temples.
Sculptor Phidias worked on Parthenon; created statue of Athena.
Statue was made of gold, ivory; over 30 feet tall.

10. Architecture
Designed temples, theaters, meeting places.

11. History, Philosophy, and Democracy
How did the Greek love of reason and logic influence the development of Western thought?

12. Democracy
A government where the people have the right to make decisions about leaders and laws
Greek word meaning “power of the people”
Athens developed the first democracy
The U.S. government is based on Athenian democracy.

13. Democratic Roots
Athens had the first democratic constitution (a set of rules for how the government should run)
All men over 20 years old could participate in the Assembly (the lawmaking group)
Each year 500 names of citizens were drawn to be on the Council of Five Hundred who ran the daily business of Athens

14. Trial By Jury
When a group of citizens decides if a person is innocent or guilty of a crime
Serving on a jury was a citizen’s duty
About 500 jurors for a trial
Jurors were paid for service

15. Herodotus and Thucydides
One of the first civilizations to write history, examine facts of past.
Herodotus: “Father of History”- wrote Persian Wars.
Thucydides: Wrote about Peloponnesian War- set writing standard using documents, eyewitness accounts.

16. The Search For Truth
After the Peloponnesian War, Greek thinkers developed philosophy:
Study of basic truths, ideas about universe.

17. Greek Philosophers
Universe is ordered and controlled by laws of nature.
People can understand these laws.

18. Socrates
Encouraged young students to examine beliefs through questions.
Question-and- answer style of teaching called Socratic method.

19. Socratic Method
Teaching through step-by-step questions that are designed to lead the student to the truth
Socrates was a Greek philosopher who wanted people to question and think for themselves
Athenians were afraid and threatened by his ideas, so he was tried and put to death.

20. Plato One of Socrates’ best students.
Started school of higher learning called the Academy.

21. Aristotle
Devised debate method based on logic; applied logic to science.
Tutored Alexander the Great.

22. Science and Technology

23. Classification of Living Things
A system of grouping plants and animals that have similar characteristics
Developed by Aristotle
Helps scientists to handle a lot of info.
Still used today

24. Process used by scientists to study something
Scientific Method
Process used by scientists to study something 1
Collect
Info 2
Form
Hypothesis 3
Test
Hypothesis

25. Hippocratic Oath
A list of rules about practicing medicine that doctors today still promise to follow
Honor your teachers
Hippocrates was the “Father of Scientific Medicine”
BCE
Believed that disease came from natural causes not evil spirits
Do your best for the sick
Never give poisons
Keep the secrets of patients

26. Astronomy Eratosthenes- estimated circumference- distance around Earth
Aristarchus- studied sun , moon, Earth; estimated size of sun.

27. Astronomy
Ptolemy: studied universe, incorrectly putting Earth at the center.

28. Mathematics and Physics
Euclid’s geometry text with proofs of work is basis of geometry.

29. Mathematics and Physics
Archimedes explained levers, invented compound pulley.
Ideas were later used to build pumps, and steam engines.

30. Summary
Greek and Hellenistic writers, artists, and architects invented new and beautiful styles.

31. Summary
Greek Philosophy and history set standards of logic, reason, and record keeping.

32. Why does it Matter Now?
The Greek culture set enduring standards in art, philosophy, and science.