1. S522 Lecture 9 March 30 Foucauldian Discourse Analysis

3. Foucault “A group of statements which provide a language for talking about - a way of representing the knowledge about - a particular topic at a particular historical moment….Discourse is about the production of knowledge through language”

4. Foucault Episteme Discourse formation Regime of truth Discourse elements

5. Episteme ‘Discourse characteristics of the way of thinking or state of knowledge at any one time… across a range of texts, and as forms of conduct, at a number of different institutional sites within society.’

6. Discourse formation ‘When these are brought to bear on an object or to support a strategy, institution etc’ i.e. Discourse constructs the topic

7. Regime of truth Things may become ‘true’ or have particular consequences, whether they are objectively ‘true’ or not Example of belief that single parenthood causes delinquency

8. Discourse elements: ‘Discourses, institutions, architectural arrangements, regulations, laws, administrative measures, scientific statements,philosophical propositions, morality, philanthropy, etc’

9. Feminisms; new discourses Power Discovery Invention

10. Hollway - discourses of heterosexual relations Male sex drive Have/hold Permissive

11. Discourses make available positions for subjects to take up Traditional sexuality discourses are not equally available to each sex Practices in relation to each other are rendered meaningful according to gender- differentiated discourses Practices and meanings have histories Why and how do men and women choose their discourse? Positions offered by discourses are socially constituted and constitutive of subjectivity

12. Willig: six steps in discourse analysis Discursive constructions Discourses Action orientation Positionings Practice Subjectivity

13. Discursive constructions What is the discursive object being constructed? What are its characteristics as expressed in the text?

14. Discourses Different ways that the object is being constructed. Example: in the piece on relationships, the contrast between an ‘economic discourse’ and a ‘romantic discourse’ And Hollway’s 3 discourses of male sexuality

15. Action orientation What are the implications for the speaker? How do they serve the speaker’s discursive goals - positioning, blaming etc [This slides into DAM]

16. Positionings What are the positioning implications of the discourse(s)? Who is the agent? Who is blameworthy? Who is powerful?

17. Practice What are the implications of the discourse(s) for future action on the part of participants including the speaker? What options and are not available? What is, and what is not, obligated by them?

18. Subjectivity We cannot infer internal states from discourses but we can infer what is AVAILABLE for subjective experience within the discourses

19. Martin: Egg and Sperm ‘Passive’ egg: ‘active’ sperm ‘Passive’ egg’: less active sperm ‘Active’ egg: sperm as ‘victim’ ‘Partnership’ between egg and sperm; feedback loop model of relations.

20. Gender resistance Wife Waif Whore Witch

21. Warrior Whizzkid Worthy Warlock