1. Spartan Government 1.Sparta had two kings - They commanded the army - They conducted religious ceremonies 2.All other government matters run by Ephors - Elected annually, cannot repeat in office - Negotiated with other states, supervised assembly and the educational system and ordered the sending out of army

2. Spartan Government (con’t.) 3.Council of Elders (Spartan Senate) - Men over 60 - Advised the ephors (also inspected newborns)

3. 1.City-states were small compared to other civilizations, so many times wars resulted in alliances forming 2.All Greek city-states used the same battle formation: hoplite phalanx 3.Therefore, the Greek soldiers were called hoplites Greek Military Summary

4. Athens Military 1.Had a full-time army, but most men worked for a living as farmers or merchants 2.When 18, men joined army for two years of training 3.When 20, men then joined the army reserves - Some soldiers continued into full-time army service, but not most

5. Sparta Military 1.Life in Spartan was difficult both physically and mentally 2.Government officials decided which babies were strong enough to live - “Unfit” babies were left in caves to die 3.Only occupation was to be a soldier

6. Sparta Military (con’t) 4.At 7, boys lived/trained in barracks 5.Retired from the military at age 60 6.From 18 – 30 men devoted all their time to army 7.At age 20, men had to kill a helot without getting caught to pass initiation