1. Supporting standards comprise 35% of the U. S. History Test 6 (B)

2. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) Analyze the impact of significant individuals such as Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan, Henry Ford, Glenn Curtiss, Marcus Garvey, & Charles A. Lindbergh

3. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) 1 & 2 Analyze the impact of Clarence Darrow & William Jennings Bryan

4. Versions of the following six frames are also found in: Readiness Standard (3) The student understands the political, economic, & social changes in the U. S. from 1877 to 1898. (A) 4 The beginnings of Populism

5. Fading of Populism and Rise of William Jennings Bryan Bryan was a powerful leader who was able to unite the “Silver Faction” One reporter aptly prophesied, “All the Silverites need is a Moses,” and in Bryan, they certainly found one

6. Bryan’s Qualities Dramatic public speaker—“The Voice” Used gestures dramatically Called the “Great Commoner” in reference to his identification with the common man Religious upbringing Bryan’s father, a Baptist deacon and his mother, devout Methodist. He learned in both denominational environments, eventually becoming an expert on the Bible and a spokesman for Fundamentalist views

7. Bryan’s “Public Event” Bryan’s rousing conclusion: “Having behind us the producing masses of this nation and the world... we will answer their demand for a gold standard by saying to them: ‘You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold.”

8. Barely 36 years old in 1896 Little political experience His “Cross of Gold” speech at the 1896 Democratic Convention Spoke as in defense of a righteous, holy cause Captivated delegates at the Convention His religious zeal would remain strong for the next 30 years Bryan the Man

9. Why Some Americans Were Disturbed by the Rapid Changes of the 1920s The shift from rural to urban American heightened these anxieties “Traditional rural religious beliefs were stronger than ever. As middle-and upper-class Americans drifted into a genteel Christianity that stressed good works and respectability, the Baptists and Methodists churches continued to hold on to the old faith.... Far from dying out... biblical fundamentalism retained ‘remarkable grass-roots strength amount the organization men and the industrialized mass society of the 20th century.”

10. Countryside Counterattack In June of 1925, Dayton, Tennessee became the focal point of the battle William Jennings Bryan became the willing spokesperson for traditional, biblical values “The movements [that] aimed at preserving the values of an earlier America succeeded only in complicating life in an already difficult period of cultural transition.”

11. The Scopes Monkey Trial John Scopes, a young biology teacher-coach from Dayton, Tennessee who purposely taught Evolution to precipitate the renowned “Scopes Monkey Trial”

12. Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryan

13. Darrow argues his case in the Dayton, Tennessee courthouse. While Bryan technically got the guilty verdict he sought, Scopes received only a token fine and Darrow had made Bryan and his fundamentalist position appear ridiculous. In the long run, Darrow won the victory.

14. “Traditional rural religious beliefs were stronger than ever. As middle-and upper- class Americans drifted into a genteel Christianity that stressed good works and respectability, the Baptists and Methodists churches continued to hold on to the old faith.... Far from dying out... biblical fundamentalism retained ‘remarkable grass-roots strength amount the organization men and the industrialized mass society of the 20th century.”

15. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) 3 Analyze the impact of Henry Ford

16. Henry Ford Ford used electric power and scientific management to make the automobile affordable “The moving assembly line that Henry Ford [left] perfected in 1913 for manufacture of the Model T [right] marked only the first step toward full mass production and the beginning of America’s worldwide industrial supremacy.”

17. Prosperity and Innovation Ford’s “emphasis on the flow of parts moving past stationary workers became the standard in nearly every American factory. The moving assembly line—with its emphasis on uniformity, speed, precision, and coordination—took away the last vestiges of craftsmanship and turned workers into near robots.

18. It led to amazing efficiency that produced both high profits for manufacturers and low prices for buyers.... Mass production led to a consumer revolution... that made life easier and more pleasant for the vast majority of the American people... [The American people] decided (wisely or not) to center their existence on the automobile.”

19. Ford’s River Rouge plant (above) became a model for assembly line productivity. Mass production “became the hallmark of American industry.”

20. Assembly-Line— production methods in which workers stand at their respective stations while unfinished products moved past them on a conveyor belt with each worker performing one simple task

21. Ways the Automobile Changed American Life Led to improved highways Led to growth of the suburbs Gave young couples an easy way to escape parental supervision “The nature of the consumer goods revolution can be best seen in the automobile industry.... growth was its hallmark.... The automobile boom, at its peak from 1922 to 1927, depended on the apparently insatiable appetite of the American people for cars.... The auto changed the pattern of city life, leading to a suburban explosion.... The car ruled.”

22. “The automobile boom, at its peak from 1922 to 1927, depended on the apparently insatiable appetite of the American people for cars.... The auto changed the pattern of city life, leading to a suburban explosion.... The car ruled.”

23. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) 6 Analyze the impact of Charles A. Lindbergh

24. Charles A. Lindbergh 1st aviator to fly from New York to Paris (1926); he demonstrated the qualities of courage, modesty, and individuality

25. Known variously as “Slim,” “Lucky Lindy,” & “Lone Eagle,” Lindbergh’s solo flight to Paris brought him from obscurity to worldwide celebrity status. It likewise popularized flying in a new way that helped to lay the foundation for the commercial possibilities of aviation.

26. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) 4 Analyze the impact of Glenn Curtiss

27. An American aviation pioneer and a founder of the U.S. aircraft industry. He began his career as a bicycle racer and builder before moving on to motorcycles. As early as 1904, he began to manufacture engines for airships. With the establishment of Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Company and Curtiss-Wright Corporation, Curtiss became one of the founders of the U. S. aircraft industry

28. Supporting Standard (6) The Student understands significant events, social issues, & individuals of the 1920s The Student is expected to: (B) 5 Analyze the impact of Marcus Garvey

29. Marcus Garvey As a Black leader hailing from Jamaica, Garvey called for Black pride, racial redemption and solidarity, and self-reliance. In a militant tone, he encouraged a new self-awareness among African- Americans. Moved by a spirit of Black separatism, he urged them to return to Africa and set up their own nation there. Indeed, Garvey envisioned an independent Black Africa governed by the world’s 400 million Blacks.

30. “Garvey’s support of the Ku Klux Klan—an organization he admired for its honesty— alienated him from many fellow Blacks. Garvey’s “movement inspired Blacks disgusted by the hypocrisy of American democracy and frustrated by the failure of gradualism to improve their lot. He gave them an alternative to litigation and legislation, the approach of the more conservative Black establishment.”

31. Fini