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Mexico Mrs. Bailey Advanced World Geography
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Geography Wide range of geographical features: deserts, mountains, plains, and beaches Deserts: Chihuahuan & Senoran Desert Moutnain Ranges: Sierra Madres Occidental, Sierra Madre, Oriental, Neovolcanica (contains active volcanoes)
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Climate Northwestern Mexico and inland northern areas are drier than the rest of the country. It is hot in the summer and north winds can make inland northern Mexico chilly in winter, with temperatures sometimes approaching freezing. Inland at higher elevations, the climate is also dry and temperate, and the mountain peaks are often capped with snow. South of the tropic of Cancer, it’s hot and humid all year long along the coastal plains on either side of the country. (Hot/wet season= May-Oct.) Low-lying coastal areas are wetter and hotter than elevated inland ones. Though the hottest summer extremes are generally found on the coastal plains, temperatures in the Altiplano and the Plataforma Yucateca
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The Sonoran Desert Monterrey City
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History Olmecs- Gulf Coast region 1200 BC-600 BC Zapotec- Southern half of Mexico by 300 BC Izapan- Pacific Coast region 200 BC-200 AD Mayan- in modern states Chiapas,Campeche, & Yucatan 250 AD-900 AD Toltecs- Central Mexico 900’s AD (10 th century) Aztecs- spanned from the Pacific Coast to the Gulf Coast 1400’s-1500’s Spanish arrival-1519 A.D.
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Zapotec remains Olmec head sculpture Indigenous Peoples of Mexico The first people of Mexico Mayan ruins Aztec Calendar
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Arrival of the Spanish 1519-Hernando Cortez Aztecs saw him a one of their gods, treated him very well. Cortes made friends with Aztec enemies over 2 yrs (enough to outnumber the Azetcs) Conquered the Aztec capital, took Moctezuma prisoner, and his people virtually enslaved (treated very poorly) Killed millions of natives by disease: population of 25 million in 1521 to 1 million by 1605. Over time, the natives grew in strength and power, and discontent Additionally, financial pressure of the Spanish & the arrival & now control of the French (Napoleon), a rebellion began to boil!
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Independence Rebellion led by a priest in 1810 After many years of different leaders, Porifio Diaz became president in 1876 He made Mexico industrial, & kept civil wars at bay, however, the people were still suppressed under this “dictatorship” A civil war broke out in 1910 & lasted for 10 yrs. Finally in 1934 a new president (Lazaro Cardenas) came in & turned things around
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Economy Mexico has a free market economy with a mixture of modern and outmoded industry and agriculture, increasingly dominated by the private sector Agriculture, ranching, timber, mining, oil, natural gas, fishing, tourism and manufacturing are Mexico’s primary revenue earners.
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