1. HAW CREEK, PIKE COUNTY, MISSOURI-TRIB TO SALT RIVER ERODING STREAM THREATHENING COUNTY ROAD #107, FOURTEEN FT TALL ERODING BANK WITHIN 4 FT OF THE ROAD, PROJECT CONSTRUCTED IN 1 DAY, MARCH 10, 2009 BY PIKE COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS DEPT, LaDON ATKINSON, ROAD SUPERVISOR

2. HAW CREEK GENERAL INFORMATION  Bank erosion is threatening county road, threatening public safety  Stream wildly meandering in response to historic straightening  Decent riparian areas in places  Bed material: gravel-sand. Channel is incised  Pool-riffle-pool regime, slope less than 1%  Average width 30-40 ft, 15 ft tall banks  Funding, equipment, and manpower provided by Pike County, MO

3. PRE-PROJECT PHOTOS by JAYNIE DOERR, REGULATORY, ST. LOUIS DISTRICT FEBRUARY 25, 2009

4. Looking DS @ the lower end of the project bend PRE-PROJECT - HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY MO. PIX BY JAYNIE DOERR 2-25-09

5. Looking DS @ exit conditions to the project bend PRE-PROJECT - HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY MO. PIX BY JAYNIE DOERR 2-25-09

6. Looking US @ the project bend. Road is 4 ft from 14 ft tall eroding bank. PRE-PROJECT - HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY MO. PIX BY JAYNIE DOERR 2-25-09

7. Down at the farm & feed store, education !!!! CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

8. CONSTRUCTION PHOTOS by Dave Derrick, COE; Jaynie Doerr, COE; & Matt Methaney, MDC MARCH 10, 2009

9. We have 500 willows, stone, diesel, equipment, and time on our hands! A dangerous combination!! CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

10. Forest Pike County Highway 107 The vertical eroding bank is 14 ft tall & 4 ft from the shoulder of the road. WE NEED SPACE!!!! Haw Creek, MO Pre-project Forest

11. Pike County Highway 107 110 ft of Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection with Single Stone Bendway Weirs Haw Creek, MO. Highway protection plan 30 ft long vegetated key with soil cover Straight vegged key 15 ft wide engineered floodplain bench with Living Dikes, poles, & Live Siltation

12. Pike County Highway 107 Haw Creek, MO. Highway protection plan

13. Self-Adjusting, Self-Filtering Stone Depending on size, angularity, and gradation, stone can be neither, either, or both!!  Self-Adjusting Stone: Stone must be well-graded (from coarse to fine) so that it has the ability to "launch", or self-adjust into, and armor, scour holes formed on the streamward side, and/or stream end, of a river training structure. -Charlie Elliott says a good rule of thumb in Mississippi sand-bed streams {CAUTION: this might not apply equally well to every stream in the world} is that one ton of rock per linear ft will armor three ft of scour  Self-Filtering Stone A soil analysis should always be performed to determine stability and erodability of bank materials and whether a filter material, (either granular or synthetic) is required. A self-filtering stone that has worked well on the Mississippi River, and numerous other rivers and smaller streams (acting as a granular filter to prevent loss of underlying bank material) has 10% to 15% of the gradation either less that 4 inches in diameter, or less than one pound in weight, depending on how the stone is specified.

14. QUESTIONABLE STONE Stone used for keys & LPSTP was a sub-standard shot rock of questionable hardness. The amount of fine material was close to 20-30%. This was a self-filtering stone, but not well-graded, & not self- adjusting.

15. Stone is not well-graded & too many fines. The stone is self- filtering, but not self-adjusting, but only $4.70/ton delivered. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

16. STONE COSTS However, the stone was extremely inexpensive. The 432 tons of rock used in the project, at $4.70 per ton (delivered) total cost of stone = $2032. That was very cost effective for what we accomplished.

17. HAW CREEK METHODS EMPLOYED  110 ft of Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP), crest built to 4 ft above the base flow water surface elevation  Locked Logs  A vegetated floodplain bench  Single-Stone & Short Bendway Weirs  Live Willow Pole Plantings  Vegetated & curved upstream key, straight DS key  Living Dikes  Slit Brush Layering (Joint Planting) in riprap bank  Live Siltation

18. We will construct from upstream (US) to downstream (DS)

19. LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP)

20. ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) WITH SINGLE-STONE BENDWAY WEIRS, LOCKED LOGS, SOIL CHOKING, LIVE SILTATION, POLE PLANTINGS, LIVING DIKES, ROOTED – STOCK PLANTS, & A FLOODPLAIN BENCH

21. Stream channel Top bank Eroding bank ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) Road

22. “Locked Logs” placed on bed of river for improved aquatic habitat & energy dissipation. Locked Logs should be angled downstream 25 to 35 degrees so as to shed debris. ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) Road

23. LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION {LPSTP}  Description: A continuous stone dike placed longitudinally at, or slightly streamward of, the toe of the eroding bank. Cross-section is triangular. The LPSTP does not necessarily follow the toe exactly, but can be placed to form a "smoothed" alignment through the bend. Smoothed alignment might not be desirable from the environmental or energy dissipation points of view. Amount of stone used (2 tons/linear ft, 1 ton/ft, or less) depends on depth of scour at the toe, estimated stream forces (impinging flow) on the bank, and flood durations and stages.  Tie-backs are short dikes connecting the LPSTP to the bank at regular intervals. Tie-backs are usually the same height as the LPSTP or elevated slightly toward the bank end, and are keyed into the bank. If tie-backs are long they should be angled upstream to act as bendway weirs.

24. Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP) As-built After a couple of high flow events stream has scoured at the toe & stone has self-adjusted Sediment has deposited landward of the LPSTP

25. Locked Logs are then “locked” under the Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP). ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP)

26. Looking US. LPSTP crest is 4 ft above base flow stage CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

27. ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) Tree or shrub poles (called Live Siltation) installed on top of LPSTP Willow, dogwood, river birch poles can then be laid on the stone and up against the bank. Basal ends should be in vadose zone (capillary zone). Willow used on this project. Live poles laid against eroded bank

28. Looking US. Class laying willow poles against eroding bank. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

29. Looking US. LPSTP with willow on both sides of floodplain bench. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

30. ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) Backfill material from point bar to form a floodplain bench at the Q-2 flood elevation

31. Looking DS. Backfilling between LPSTP & bank to form floodplain bench @ the Q-2 elevation. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

32. ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP) At intervals, install willow Living Dikes (densely deep-planted adventitious poles perpendicular to direction of high flow)

33. Floodplain bench planted on a grid pattern Flow AERIAL VIEW OF ENHANCED LPSTP WITH A FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH VEGETATION PLANTED ON A GRID PATTERN. Living Dikes- plants perpendicular to flow Live Siltation Live Poles

34. Looking US. Installing Living Dikes perpendicular to high flow, Live Siltation & Live Poles are parallel with the stream. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

35. A Living Dike (perpendicular to high flow) on the floodplain bench. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

36. Looking DS. Nice S-shaped creek alignment. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

37. Looking from top bank. Placing a Single-Stone Bendway Weir (SSBW) against the LPSTP. SSBW were spaced 20-25 ft apart. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

38. Looking US. Single Stone Bendway Weirs will move thalweg from toe of LPSTP out to the ends of the SSBW’s CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

39. PROJECT CONSTRUCTED IN 1 DAY, MARCH 10, 2009

40. PROJECT COMPLETE LOOKING FROM UPSTREAM TO DOWNSTREAM

41. Looking DS @ floodplain bench, willows, LPSTP, SSBW. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX-METHANEY 3-10-09

42. Looking DS. Note straight exit flow does not adversely affect DS opposite bank. CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX-METHANEY 3-10-09

43. LESS THAN 2 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Looking US to DS Photos by LaDon Atkinson MAY 4, 2009

44. LaDon Atkinson, Pike County Road Supervisor says “The veg is looking great! This little creek has been hammered with water. We have had several rains and the last one was 3.5" in a couple of hours. The water has been on the floodplain bench 3 or 4 times now, notice all the sediment that has dropped out.”

45. 2 MONTHS LATER-HAW CR.-PIKE COUNTY, MO PIX-ATKINSON 5-4-2009 Looking DS @ LPSTP, Bendway Weirs, poles & floodplain bench.

46. 2 MONTHS LATER-HAW CR.-PIKE COUNTY, MO PIX-ATKINSON 5-4-2009 Looking DS @ willow poles in US key

47. 2 MONTHS LATER-HAW CR.-PIKE COUNTY, MO PIX-ATKINSON 5-4-2009 Looking DS @ the floodplain bench (overtopped 3 times in 2 months)

48. 2 MONTHS LATER-HAW CR.-PIKE COUNTY, MO PIX-ATKINSON 5-4-2009 Looking DS @ section of project parallel with road.

49. 4 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Looking US to DS Photos by LaDon Atkinson JULY 11, 2009

50. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the project bend. 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

51. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the US key. Great willow growth 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

52. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ key, floodplain bench, & LPSTP 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

53. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the thalweg trace, LPSTP, Single Stone Bendway Weirs & the floodplain bench. 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

54. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ LPSTP & Slit Brush Layering in riprap 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

55. After 4 months, great growth from the 500 willows we planted! LaDon says the floodplain bench has about 6 inches of sediment deposition on it.

56. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ floodplain bench 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

57. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ Slit Brush Layering in riprap 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

58. 4 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION Looking DS to US Photos by LaDon Atkinson JULY 11, 2009

59. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ thalweg, SSBW & LPSTP. 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

60. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ SSBW, LPSTP & Live Siltation 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

61. 4 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking US @ project bend 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

62. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ project & road 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

63. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US-close-up of floodplain bench. Fantastic growth & great hydraulic roughness. 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

64. 4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ a Living Dike on the floodplain bench 4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

65. Haw Creek Project (5 inch rain 48 hours prior to photos) September 20, 2010 Two Growing Seasons After Completion Photos By Rob Gramke, Regulatory, St. Louis District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

66. Looking upstream from road Sep 2010-notice how wide the shoulder appears now March 2009-bank 4 feet from road

67. Looking upstream May 2009 April 2010

68. Looking upstream – September 2010

69. Looking downstream March 2009 September 2010

70. Looking downstream from left descending bank. The vegetation has almost completely grown over the rock – Sep 2010

71. From the road-notice height of willows (Sept 2010) These are happy willows!

72. Rock toe & short Bendway Weirs

73. Locked log still in place

74. Bad dog & sneering baby CLEOPHUS & PEYTON

75. 1947 Wurlitzer & Cleophus Speed Elvis Derrick