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Types of the tenses
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The present simple tense
The future simple tense The past simple tense The future continuous tense The present continuous tense The past continuous tense The future perfect tense The present perfect tense The past perfect tense The future perfect continuous tense The present perfect continuous tense The past perfect continuous tense The sequence of Tenses
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The present simple tense
form Usage The present simple tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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+ + form First base They He We Infinitive It Infinitive + s You She I
Back
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1- A habit or repeated action
Usage 1- A habit or repeated action I often spend my holiday in Alex He visits us from time to time 2- A fact Wood floats on water. The sun rises in the east. 3- A present state He is clever. She works in a large office. Back
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4- To express the future in time clauses
I’ll wait until you do your home work. After he studies his lessons, he will go out. 5- A present ability She plays tennis very well. I speak English fluently 6- In the conditional sentences (type 1) If you practise sports, you will be strong. Unless he studies hard, he won’t get high marks. Back
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7- In exclamatory sentences
There he goes! Here comes the president! 8- In giving a summary of a story, play,….etc Back
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We use (doesn’t or don’t)
Negative We use (doesn’t or don’t) He doesn’t visit us from time to time. She doesn’t works in a large office. If you don’t practise sports, you won’t be strong. Back
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Do/Does + subject + infinitive
Question Do/Does + subject + infinitive Does he visit you from time to time? Do you speak English? A question word + Do/Does + subject + infinitive When does he visit you ? Why Do you need to speak English? Back
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words Back Always usually Often generally Frequently sometimes
Occasionally rarely Seldom every……. From time to time Back
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The present continuous tense
form Usage The present continuous tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The present continuous tense
am He + is Verb + ing It are She They We You
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1-An action happening now
Usage 1-An action happening now He is listening to the music now.
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3-Two actions happening together at the moment of speaking.
2- It expresses future tin\me especially with verbs of motion like Go, come, leave, stay, sleep, do, fly, have,...etc I’m leaving for Cairo tomorrow. 3-Two actions happening together at the moment of speaking. While I’m doing my homework my sister is washing up.
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I + + not am Verb + ing He It is She are They We You
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+ + Is Am Subject + + + Verb + ing Are Question Question words Subject
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words Now at present At this moment look Listen take care Hurry up
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The present perfect tense
form Usage The present perfect tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The present perfect continuous tense
form Usage The present perfect continuous tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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form Usage The past simple tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The past continuous tense
form Usage The past continuous tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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form Usage The past perfect tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The past perfect continuous tense
form Usage The past perfect continuous tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The future simple tense
form Usage The future simple tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The future continuous tense
form Usage The future continuous tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The future perfect tense
form Usage The future perfect tense Negative Question Examples Exercises
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The future perfect continuous tense
form Usage The future perfect continuous tense Question Negative Examples Exercises
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The sequence of Tenses
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The present perfect tense
have + Past participle has
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Usage 1-It expresses an action which took place in the past (but the time is not mention) and its effects are still evident I have visited Britain He has already done his homework. 2-It is used for an action which began in the past and finishes now. (or has just finished) I have just finished my work. She has just taken a photo.
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4-It uses with some links like After before when as soon as till until
3-It is used for an action which began in the past and still continuous. I have smoked since I graduated He has been in England for two years 4-It uses with some links like After before when as soon as till until As soon as I have finished my homework, I’ll return home
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Negative have + + Past participle not has
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+ + + + + has has have Subject have Past participle Question Past
Question words + Subject has
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Words Since for Just yet Already lately Recently so far
Up to date this ……. Never ever
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+ + A long time. Ages, Years, The last week, For For For
Period of time An hour, A week, A long time. Ages, Years, The last week, + For
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+ + since since Period in time Yesterday , last week, may, 1990,
7 o’clock, I came since +
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+ + + + since since Present perfect Period in time Past simple
She has been out since 7 o’clock + + since Past simple Present perfect She has been out since I met
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The present perfect continuous tense
have + + been Verb + ing has
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1-It is used for an action which began in the past and is still going on.
Usage She has been studying all day I have been teaching English for twelve years.
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+ + + + + + + been has been has have Subject have Question Verb + ing
Question words + + Subject been has Verb + ing
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Negative have + + + not been Verb + ing has
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Second base The past simple tense I wrote my homework.
She visited me yesterday
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1- An action wholly completed at a definite time in the past.
Usage 1- An action wholly completed at a definite time in the past. She visited us a week ago. He repaid the debt yesterday. 2- A past habit. He studied hard when he was a pupil. When I was in England, I always carried an umbrella
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3- In the conditional sentences (type 2)
If he come, he would meet her. Unless she invited him, he wouldn’t come.
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words Yesterday once Ago last…….. In the past in ancient times
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Negative We use (didn’t) She didn’t visited us a week ago.
He didn’t repaid the debt yesterday.
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Did + subject + infinitive
Question Did + subject + infinitive Did he study hard when he was a pupil. Did you get your job? A question word + did + subject + infinitive When did he return? What time was it when you met her?
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The past continuous tense
+ was It Verb + ing were She They We you
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1-An action which was going on when sometimes else interrupted it.
Usage 1-An action which was going on when sometimes else interrupted it. While I was watering the garden, it began to rain. When she arrived, I was talking on the telephone. 2- two actions which were going on at the same time in the past. While he was studying, his father was reading the paper.
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3- An action which was going on between two points of time in the past
From two to four yesterday he was playing in the street 4- An action which was in the progress at a definite past time. She was washing up at two o’clock yesterday
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5- It is used with “ always “ to express annoyance
He was always asking for help. She was always making mistake.
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Negative I He was + + It Verb + ing not were She They We You
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+ + was was Subject + + + Verb + ing were were Question words Subject
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The past perfect tense + Had Past participle
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Usage 1-An action which happened and finished before a certain time in the past. He had learnt English before he went to England After I had had my breakfast, I left for school. 2- It is used for a past condition, supposition or wish I wish he had succeeded last year. If he had arrived earlier yesterday, he would have met us.
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+ + not Had Past participle Negative
He hadn’t learnt English before he went to England I wish he hadn’t fail last year.
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+ + + + + Had Subject Had Past participle Question words Subject
Had he learnt English before he went to England + + + Question words Subject Had Past participle What had he learnt before he went to England
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The past perfect continuous tense
have + + been Verb + ing has
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Usage It shows that an action had begun to happen but had not finished before anther past action. I had been writing letters for about two hours when you came.
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+ + + + + + + been been Subject Had Had Question Verb + ing
Had they been writing letters when I came? + + + + Question words Verb + ing Had Subject been What had they been writing when I came?
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