1. BASINS Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Non-point Sources Use of NHD in BASINS Presented at the NHD Application Symposium Ed Partington EPA/Office of Water Henry Manguerra/Tetra Tech

2. F Mission –To provide technical assistance and support to the Agency’s Water Quality Criteria and Standards Program –Develop methods, models, and procedures to support nationwide watershed studies (TMDLs, etc.) –To develop guidance on specific water quality issues EPA’s Office of Science and Technology

3. Why BASINS Was Developed TMDL’s 1998 303(d) list cycle contained 21,845 waters with 41,318 separate impaired segments Top Five Impairments - Sediments, Pathogens, Nutrients, Metals, Dissolved Oxygen

4. BASINS Integrates These Components With a GIS F 1. Watershed and Water Quality Models HSPF, SWAT, QUAL2E, PLOAD F 2. Assessment Tools and Utilities Target/Assess, Data Mining, Watershed Delineation, NHD Data Import,... F 3. National databases DEM, GIRAS LULC, STATSGO, RF1, NHD, PCS, STORET, 100s weather stations, … F 4. Post-processing and Output Tools GenScn, WDMUtil, Models Reporting Function, ArcView

5. BASINS 3.0 F New and Updated Models and Tools SWAT, PLOAD, WDMUtil, HSPFParm F Modularization (extensions) –Convert 700+ scripts into 20 extensions –More flexible - use of an extension manager –More open – encourage users and other developers to develop other extensions –Easy to update –Smaller initial core system – user may increase complexity as needed (e.g. use and non-use of Spatial Analyst) F New and Updated Data -GIS Grid Format Data (DEM, GIRAS LULC, STATSGO) -EPA/OW’s Permit Compliance System -National Hydrography Dataset

6. BASINS GIS Interface Watershed Delineation Automated w/ SA QUAL2EWIN HSPFSWAT Schematic Diagram of BASINS 3.0 GenScn (Post-processor) Output and Analysis Watershed Delineation Manual - AV only. PLOAD Generate Watershed Properties Tools/ Utilities

7. BASINS 3.0 WIN HSPF Interface SWAT Interface SWAT Weather Generation (optional) HSPF V. 12 HSPF EXPERT WDM Utility ( weather data editor ) HSPF Parm Manual or Automatic Watershed Delineator GenScn (Post-processing) Expanded Features and Utilities of HSPF and SWAT Output and Analysis

8. F Requires ArcView Spatial Analyst Extension F Ability to “Burn-in” Stream Network into topography - Stream network superimposed onto DEM to define stream network and to eliminate sinkholes and zero elevation to determine watershed boundaries F Ability to control watershed area by selecting a mask to zoom in on the amount of detail of the stream network and the size and number of subwatersheds of the study area. F Automatically calculates basic watershed characteristics from the DEM and other subwatershed themes Automated Watershed Delineator

9. Automated Watershed DelineationTool Specify DEM Source Superimpose Stream Network for the Burn-In (RF1, route.reach in NHD) Threshold to control drainage density Modify subwatershed outlets. Add Reservoirs and Point Sources Designate Watershed Boundary (mask)

11. Manual Watershed Delineation F Non Spatial Analyst Version F Stream Theme is required (e.g. NHD) –Basis for drawing drainage area –Stream network –Stream characteristics F Suite of Editing Tools

12. Rules of Delineation F Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments F Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) F Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds F Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) F Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

13. Rule: Pour Point just upstream of confluence 2 1 3 A C B Good Delineation 2 1 3 Not so Good Delineation

14. Rules of Delineation F Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments F Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) F Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds F Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) F Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

15. Rule: Maximum of Two Upstream Watersheds D C B Good Delineation A E A C B D Not so Good Delineation

16. Rules of Delineation F Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments F Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) F Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds F Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) F Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

17. Rule: Hydrologically Connected Watershed 2 1 3 A C B Good Delineation 2 1 3 C A B Not so Good Delineation

18. Rules of Delineation F Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments F Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) F Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds F Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) F Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

19. Rule: Single Subwatershed Downstream A C B Good Delineation C B Not so Good Delineation

20. Rules of Delineation F Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments F Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) F Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds F Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) F Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

21. Rule: Unique Segment 2 1 3 D B A C Not a Valid Delineation - System will not allow you to split a segment into two subwatersheds. 2 1 3 A C B Good Delineation

22. NHD - Rule Buster F Rule: Subwatershed per unique segment 2 1 3 1 2 NHD network (2 segments)RF 3 network (3 segments) Violation of the 5 th Rule

23. New Algorithm F Eliminate the rule “subwatershed per unique segment” F Use dynamic segmentation concept

24. New Algorithm 1 2 A B C D stream network recreated for modeling a b c d

25. New Algorithm – Potential Linkage to Other Data Reach Address Database (RAD) Monitoring Locations Discharge Facilities Reach Segments

26. NHD Lakes Yellow Creek

27. NHD Lakes Yellow Creek F Beware! – Wrong Delineation

28. NHD Lakes F Correct Delineation: Delineate around the lake

29. NHD Download Tool F User selects CUs F System initiates FTP session and download NHD zipped files F Untar/Unzip files F Convert to shapefile and Project F Add to BASINS View

30. NHD Download Tool - Results F In BASINS Project –Route.rch theme –Rflow table F In BASINS directory –NHD coverage in decimal degree –NHD shapefiles and rflow dbf file

31. NHD Download Tool - Files F B3dm_nhdimport.avx F B3import.dll F B3import.ini F Tar.exe, gzip.exe

32. NHD Download Tool – INI file F ; F [DATA TYPE]=NHD F [ITEM FIELD]=Cu F [TRANSFER PROTOCOL]=FTP F [TRANSFER TYPE]=FTPBINARY F [SERVER NAME]=edc.usgs.gov F [PROXY NAME]= F [PROXY BYPASS]= F [USER NAME]=anonymous F [USER PASSWORD]=basins@epa.gov F [REMOTE PATH]=/pub/data/nhd/fod_cache/228100/arc/ F [FILE EXTENSION]=tgz F [DATA FORMAT]=coverage F [ARCHIVE FORMAT]=tar,gzip F [ARCHIVE EXTRACT PATH]=%ITEM VALUE%\ F [DATA NAME]=nhd F [DATA LAYERS]=route.rch,region.lm,region.rch,region.wb,route.drain,route.lm,polygon,arc,labelpoint,nod e

33. Summary F Modeling - Primary use of BASINS particularly for TMDL development F Use of the latest/greatest/site specific data F “So much Promise” (Data Integration) –Data quality and consistency –NHD Georeferencing (Impaired streams, monitoring stations, discharge facilities, etc.) –Data completeness, generation (e.g. stream characteristics, higher resolution, etc.) –Data encoding, storage, and distribution

34. Summary BASINS Desktop GeoDatabase LAN NHDNEDNED-HWB RADSTORETPCS Download Tools WQ Monitoring DMR Location Data 303d/305b BASINS Website TMDL Development 303(d) Listing Analysis 305(b) Analysis Etc.