1. HISTORY of CHINA

2. Dynasties  Zhou  Qin (Shi Huangdi)  Han **  Tang & Song  Yuan (Mongols)  Ming  Qing (Manchus) Shi Huandi (First Emperor)

3. Dynastic Cycle Mandate of Heaven New Dynasty claims Mandate of Heaven GOOD TIMES Fair laws land to peasants Repair of defenses Economy Strong PROBLEMS Floods & natural disasters Foreign invasions Peasants suffering increases Armed bandits roam land Peasants rebel AGING DYNASTY Public works projects ignored Wars with foreigners lost Taxes increase – burden falls on poor Defensive walls in state of disrepair

4. Zhou Dynasty

6. Han Dynasty

7. Tang Dynasty

8. Song Dynasty

10. THE MONGOL EMPIRE

11. GOVERNMENT  Divided into clans or KHANATES  Each Khanate was ruled by a Chief  CHIEF = ______________

12. GENGHIS KHAN  Father was poisoned  Kidnapped as a boy  Escaped and went on to… UNITE ALL THE MONGOL CLANS

13. THE MONGOLS UNDER GENGHIS KHAN  In doing so, Genghis Khan began building the ________________ land empire in the history of the world!!!  Do you know who built the largest empire ever?

14. MONGOL EXPANSION  Towns and cities surrendered to the Mongols BEFORE they even attacked!!  WHAT WOULD CAUSE THIS?!?!

15. MONGOL EXPANSION  BRUTAL  RAPED, PILLAGED, and BURNED everything!  Killed thousands!  Psychological Warfare – Spread Rumors

17. GENGHIS KHAN’S LEGACY  Genghis Khan died in 1227  Mongol Empire divided into HUGE Khanates with ONE leader = THE GREAT KHAN

18. GENGHIS KHAN’S LEGACY  ____________________  Genghis Khan’s grandson  THE GREAT KHAN  Allowed the Chinese to maintain their Culture under the

19. KUBLAI KHAN  GOOD LEADER BUT ALSO HARSH  INCREDIBLY WEALTHY  FUNDED MASSIVE CIVIL WORKS PROGRAMS  MANY INVENTIONS DURING HIS REIGN

20. VISITORS TO CHINA  The first European to venture into the KHAN’s court was ____________________  From Venice, Italy  Visited Kublai Khan and worked in his court for 17 years  Returned in 1295  Wrote a book of his travels while in prison

22. TRADE WITH CHINA  FROM CHINA Tea Porcelain China Silk  From Britain Gold Silver

23. To Trade with China  Pay Tribute  Kow Tow  Gold and Silver  Trade - one port  Ships - leave by nightfall

24. BRITISH PLAN  Secretly sell Opium  Comes from the poppy plant  Processed to make Morphine and Heroine (2 of the deadliest & most addictive drugs)

25. CHINESE MEN SMOKING OPIUM

26. OPIUM WARS  1839 – Chinese officials had large quantities of British opium destroyed  British responded by launching an attack

27. RESULTS of the OPIUM WAR  Treaty of Nanjing - Chinese forced to sign (1842)  Opened 5 more ports to European trade  Allowed Britain to legally trade opium  British criminals could be tried in Britain

28. China’s Problems Continue  Over the next 50 years, China’s power decreased  Lost a war with Japan  Lost control of land to European countries  China needed to modernize  Empress Dowager  Put Puyi on throne (3 yr old )

30. The Last Emperor Empress Wan Rong Emperor Puyi 1928

33. THE FALL OF THE DYNASTIES

34. REBELLION  Taiping Rebellion (1850-1865) secession led to 20 - 30 million deaths deadliest conflicts EVER  Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901) (Society of Right and Harmonious Fists ) restore China’s glory martial arts Attacked Christians & foreigners  Foreign powers suppressed the Chinese military

35. Nationalist Radicals  Qing forced to abdicate  1912 China a REPUBLIC  Sun Yat-sen  Nationalists

36. NATIONALISTS vs. COMMUNISTS Kuomintang (KMT) Communists (Reds)

37. The Long March

38. CHINESE CIVIL WAR

39. The Long March  Communists, under the command of Mao Zedong, traveled 8,000 miles in 370 days  Rallied support from the peasants along the way  Thousands died!

41. WWII (1937-1945) Japanese Invasion

42. The Rape of Nanking

47. Chairman Mao  Mao Zedong  The People’s Republic  Full Equality  Communism  Cult of Personality

48. Great Leap Forward  1958-1960  2 nd Five Year Plan  Modernize  Collectivization  Disasters:  Over-focus on production  Locust swarm  Yellow River Flood

49. Cultural Revolution  1966 - 1976  Red Guards  Little Red Book  Re-education  Cultish figure -> God-like status  Mao Died 1976

50. Suppression of Religion Falun Gong Tibetan Buddhism

51. Suppression of Free Speech  Tiananmen Square Massacre