1. Energy Efficient Pumpsets – Boon to Irrigation in India Dr A K Jain Professor(Soil and Water Engineering) Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana

2. WHY ENERGY EFFICIENT PUMPSETS ? - Due to intensive agriculture, demand of water increased. - Irrigated agriculture dependant on groundwater resource. - Declining of water table in many parts. - Submersible pumpsets to extract water from deeper aquifers. - Energy consumption in pumping groundwater increased. - Highly subsidized tariff or free electricity for irrigation. - Inefficient low cost pumps being used.

3. WATER TABLE DEPTH TREND IN PUNJAB

4. - Adoption of on farm water saving technologies. Precision Land levelling Optimal plot size Optimal irrigation scheduling Efficient water conveyance system Efficient irrigation methods (Drip/Sprinkler) - Proper selection and Installation of the pumpset. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES

5. Better water distribution efficiency Water saving : 20-25% Growth In Punjab PRECISSION LAND LEVELLING

6. Soil type Average Slope (%) Discharge (Litre/second ) TubewellCanal 7.5-101520304560 Light0.317-1814-1512-139-106-74-5 0.415-1613-1410-117-85-6----- 0.513-1411-129-106-74-5----- Medium0.212-139-106-74-5----- 0.310-117-85-6----- 0.48-96-74-5----- Heavy0.059-106-74-5----- 0.157-85-6----- 0.256-74-5----- PLOTS PER ACRE FOR DIFFERENT SOIL TYPES, SLOPE AND DISCHARGE RATE

7. OPTIMAL IRRIGATION SCHEDULING (TENSIOMETER ) Intermittent irrigation instead of continuous flooding Water saving : 20%

8. EFFICIENT WATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM - Lining of field channels. - Underground pipeline system.

9. DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION Potato Water saving : 38% Increase in yield: 49% Onion Water saving : 43% Increase in yield: 45% Chilli Water saving : 46% Increase in yield: 54%

10. DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION PBW 621 60 cm Wheat Water saving : 25 % Increase in yield : 30% Spring Maize Water saving : 40 % Increase in yield : 17%

11. DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION Sugarcane Water saving : 35 % Increase in yield : 25% Rice Water saving : 50 %

12. SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF PUMPSETS

13. REASONS FOR LOW EFFICIENCY IN PUMPING SYSTEM AT THE FARM - Improper selection of pumpset. - Inferior quality of pumpset. - Excessive suction lift in case of monoset pump. - Use of sharp bends. - Excessive height of delivery pipe. - Use of undersized pipes. - Use of poor quality reflux valve. - Interference of area of Influence.

14. Selection of pumpset should be based on the following : - Total Head and changes in water table. - Discharge and Horse Power requirement at the Farm. - Borewell diameter. - Performance Characteristic Curves. - Energy Efficient Pumpset (Star rated) GUIDELINES FOR SELECTION OF PUMPSET

15. Pump capacity for One hectare land. Pump discharge(l/s) per hectare for different hours of operation per day 6 hours8 hours12 hours Common crops RiceCommon crops RiceCommon crops Rice 4.25.63.14.22.12.8 DISCHARGE REQUIREMENT FOR FIELD CROPS

16. Horse Power per hectare for different hours of operation per day Depth of Water table (m)6 hours8 hours12 hours 5 1.32 1.00 0.66 10 2.20 1.65 1.10 18 3.61 2.70 1.80 20 3.96 3.00 1.98 24 4.67 3.50 2.33 30 5.73 4.30 2.86 40 7.49 5.62 3.74 45 8.37 6.30 4.18 50 9.25 6.90 4.62 60 11.01 8.25 5.50 70 12.77 9.6 6.38 80 14.54 10.9 7.25 POWER REQUIREMENT OF TUBEWELL FOR RICE-WHEAT SEQUENCE

17. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

18. ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR IRRIGTED CROPS Depth of water table (m) Number of units/hectare RiceWheat/MaizeSugarcane 101050350920 2018406151610 2522357451960 40342011402990 50421014003680 60500016704370 70579019305060

19. THANKS