1. Photos placed in horizontal position with even amount of white space between photos and header Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND NO. 2011-XXXXP Building a Nuclear Ordnance Engineering Lab: A History of Sandia Rebecca Ullrich Corporate Historian SAND2005-6126C

2. What’s in a Weapon?

3. Origins: Creating Z Division 3 J. Robert Oppenheimer Jerrold R. Zacharias

4. Origins: Choosing a Site

5. Origins: Building a Lab

6. JTF-1 Operation Crossroads 6

7. Operation Crossroads 21 kt Baker Shot; July 24, 1946

8. Building 800—Kruger Design

9. Early Assembly Facilities

10. Transition in Sandia Lab Status First Sandia Corporation President, George Landry

11. Main Sandia Tech Area: 1949

12. Los Alamos Sandia Oak Ridge Y-12 Rock Island HanfordBurlingtonKansas City Mound PicatinnyInyokern Oak Ridge K-25 The Nuclear Weapons Complex 1949

13. Los Alamos Sandia Oak Ridge Y-12 Rock Island HanfordBurlington Kansas City Mound PicatinnyInyokern Oak Ridge K-25 PantexNTS Savannah River FernaldRocky Flats The Nuclear Weapons Complex 1950-1951

14. Los Alamos Sandia Oak Ridge Y-12 Albuquerque HanfordBurlington Kansas City Mound Picatinny Inyokern (Salt Wells) Oak Ridge K-25 Pantex Nevada (NTS) Savannah River FernaldRocky Flats Livermore Paducah Portsmouth The Nuclear Weapons Complex 1952-1953

15. From: Linking Legacies: Connecting the Cold War Nuclear Weapons Production Processes to Their Environmental Consequences, DOE/EM-0319 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management, 1997), 122.

16. Pushing for Variety in Weapons Designs

17. Laydown Weapons

18. Fat Man

19. Result of Growth: Complex

21. 1958 Employee Brochure

22. Reflecting Policy and Place (1958)

23. Result of Growth: Sandia

24. Result of Growth: Albuquerque 24

25. Populations 25 YearAlbuquerque Population Bernalillo County Population Sandia Workforce Base Workforce 193026,570 194035,44969,391 1946 100979 1949 1,7401,627 195096,815145,673>2,1002,723 1954 185,800>5,6006,025 1955150,000205,5005,7255,414 1957 7,064 1960201,189262,199

26. Sandia Purchasing in New Mexico 26

27. Housing Permits, 1940-1954 27 YearHousing Permit $ 1940>2.3 million 194920.4 million 1952>25 million 1954<37.4 million

28. Conclusions

29. Questions? Thank you!