1. States of Matter

2. Liquid Rotate, slide past each other. Close together, but with room to move. Far apart when compared to solid. Moving quickly, but not as quick as gas. Takes shape of container. Volume does NOT change.

3. Solid Only motion is vibrating Close together, compact formation. Firm, stable in shape Containing no spaces or gaps.

4. Gas Far apart, free moving Moving REALLY quickly Expands freely to fill any space available.

5. Changing States of Matter

6. Changing states of Matter Change of MatterHOW Solid → LiquidMelting Liquid → GasEvaporization Liquid → SolidFreezing Gas → LiquidCondensation Solid → GasSublimation

7. Some Key Vocab Sublimation-Process in which a substance is converted directly from a solid to a gas or gas into a solid. When gas bypasses liquid into a solid it is known as deposition or anti- sublimation. Ex: Dry Ice Condensation- Water that collects as droplets on a cold surface. When humid air is in contact with it. (Gas into liquid). Ex: cold soda can, or mirrors fogging up when you take a shower. Evaporation- Process of turning liquid into gas or vapor. Ex: Boiling a pot of water let’s off steam.

8. Physical Change vs. Chemical Change Physical Change-Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Chemical Change-Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called synthesis or, alternatively, decomposes into two or more different substances. The process changes the composition (or ingredients), of the substance. These processes are not reversible except by further chemical reactions.

9. PhysicalChemical Common Changes: Texture Color (painting a car) Shape (folding money) Change of State (solid, liquid, or gas) Luster Density Volume Mass Viscosity Common Changes: Change in color (metal rusting) Change in temperature (fireworks) Formation of a precipitate (milk into stone) Release of energy (explosions) Release of Gas (Blowing up the balloon with mentos).

10. Problem Questions Which of the following is a chemical reaction? A. Freezing liquid Mercury B. Adding yellow to blue to make green C. Cutting a piece of paper into two pieces D. Dropping a sliced orange into a vat of Sodium Hydroxide E. Filling a balloon with natural air

11. Problem Questions Which of the following is a physical reaction? A. Shattering Glass with a baseball B. Corroding Metal C. Fireworks Exploding D. Lighting a match E. Baking a cake

12. Problem Questions Which of the following is a chemical reaction? A. Painting a wall blue B. A bicycle rusting C. Ice cream melting D. Scratching a key across a desk E. Making a sand castle

13. Problem Questions Which of the following is a physical reaction? A. Frying an egg B. Digesting carrots C. A Macbook falling out of a window D. Creating ATP in the human body E. Dropping a fizzy tablet into a glass of water

14. Problem Questions Write C for Chemical Reaction or P for Physical Reaction. A. Burning Leaves B. Cutting Diamonds C. Crushing a pencil D. The salivary amylase enzyme that breaks down food in the mouth E. Salt mixing in with water

15. Answers 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. a) C b) P c) P d) C e) Neither. This is one of the gray areas of chemical change and physical change. Although the salt has changed into Sodium and Chloride ions, it is still salt in water. Salt, initially is actually just a conglomerate(combination) of sodium and chloride ions and by dissociating them, just the arrangement of the ions has changed.