1. Standard Referencing Points Referencing Points: Provide visual cues to establish vehicle position. Relate part of the vehicle to some part of the roadway. Allow the driver to determine proper placement within a lane. Allow for reduced-risk lane positions. T – 2.36 Topic 5 Lesson 2 RIGHT Reference Points LEFT Reference Points 6 inches from line or median 3 feet from line or median 6 inches from line or curb 3 feet from line or curb

2. Front Limitation AT INTERSECTIONSAT INTERSECTIONS IN A STOPPING POSITIONIN A STOPPING POSITION PARKINGPARKING You will need to know where the front end of your vehicle is when you are: T – 2.37 Topic 5 Lesson 2 STOP LINE

3. Front Limitation Where are your visual reference points to determine FRONT LIMITATION ? T – 2.38 Topic 5 Lesson 2

4. Front Limitation Reference Points To stop 3-6 inches from the line in front of your bumper, stop when your line of sight runs under the side view mirror reference point to the line in front of your vehicle.To stop 3-6 inches from the line in front of your bumper, stop when your line of sight runs under the side view mirror reference point to the line in front of your vehicle. Maintain a normal driving position when targeting your reference point and do not lean forward or sideways.Maintain a normal driving position when targeting your reference point and do not lean forward or sideways. T – 2.39 Topic 5 Lesson 2 Reference Point Line of sight Reference point

5. Rear Limitation BACKINGBACKING PARKINGPARKING You need to know where the rear of your vehicle is when you are: T – 2.40 Topic 5 Lesson 2

6. Rear Limitation T – 2.41 Topic 5 Lesson 2 Where are your visual reference points for REAR LIMITATION ?

7. Rear Limitation To align the rear bumper three to six inches from a line or curb, you need to stop when the line or curb appears near the middle of the rear right window when looking over the right shoulder. T – 2.42 Topic 5 Lesson 2 Reference point

8. Right Side Limitation T – 2.43 Topic 5 Lesson 2 Establishing reference points for right side limitation will allow you to: know where the curb or line is on the right side of the street park parallel 3-6 inches away from a line or curb establish lane position 3establish lane position 3 3-6 inches Line of sight Reference point

9. Right Side Limitation T – 2.44 Topic 5 Lesson 2 The right side limitation reference point to position your vehicle 3-6 inches from the curb or line is the middle of your vehicle’s hood. 3-6 inches Line of Sight Reference point The reference point for 3 feet from the curb or line is the right 1/4 section of the hood. 3 feet Reference point Line of Sight

10. Left Side Limitation determine position when parking on the left side of a one-way street (3-6 inches from the curb or line)determine position when parking on the left side of a one-way street (3-6 inches from the curb or line) determine lane position 2determine lane position 2 T – 2.45 Topic 5 Lesson 2 3-6 INCHES Establishing reference points for left side limitation allows the driver to:

11. Left Side Limitation Your left side limitation reference point is about one foot from the left front corner of your car (it may be the seam between your left fender and the hood of your vehicle) to the curb. T – 2.46 Topic 5 Lesson 2 3-6 INCHES Reference Point Line of Sight Reference Point

12. Lane Position # 1 VEHICLE IS CENTERED IN THE LANEVEHICLE IS CENTERED IN THE LANE CAR IS 3 FEET AWAY FROM THE LINES ON YOUR RIGHT AND LEFT SIDESCAR IS 3 FEET AWAY FROM THE LINES ON YOUR RIGHT AND LEFT SIDES T – 2.48 Topic 5 Lesson 3 3 FEET Lane Position ONE ( LP 1 )

13. Lane Position # 1 Lane Position ONE (LP 1) T – 2.49 Topic 5 Lesson 3 3 FEET Your left side reference point runs through the driver’s side left fender to the line on the left side of the vehicle.Your left side reference point runs through the driver’s side left fender to the line on the left side of the vehicle. Your right side reference point runs through the center of passenger’s side right half of the hood to the line on the right side of the vehicle.Your right side reference point runs through the center of passenger’s side right half of the hood to the line on the right side of the vehicle. Note: Lane position #1 is the lane position used most often.

14. Lane Position # 2 VEHICLE IS 3-6 INCHES AWAY FROM LINE TO THE LEFTVEHICLE IS 3-6 INCHES AWAY FROM LINE TO THE LEFT T – 2.50 Topic 5 Lesson 3 3-6 INCHES Lane Position TWO ( LP 2 )

15. Lane Position # 2 Your lane position #2 reference point is about 1 foot from left side (it may be the crease between the left fender and hood of the vehicle) to the curb. T – 2.51 Topic 5 Lesson 3 Lane Position TWO (LP 2) 3-6 INCHES 6 FEET

16. Lane Position # 3 CAR IS POSITIONED 3-6 INCHES AWAY FROM EDGE OR LINE TO THE RIGHT T – 2.52 Topic 5 Lesson 3 3-6 INCHES Lane Position THREE ( LP 3 )

17. Lane Position # 3 Your lane position #3 reference point is through the center of your hood to the right edge of the roadway. T – 2.53 Topic 5 Lesson 3 Lane Position THREE (LP 3) (LP 3) 3-6 INCHES 6 FEET Reference point Line of Sight

18. Lane Positions LP 1 Position 2 is near the lane line to your left and is used when there is a restriction to your path of travel or your line of sight and you cannot move to the adjacent lane. T – 2.54 Topic 5 Lesson 3 Moving from Lane Position ONE to TWO LP 2 OBSTACLE

19. Lane Positions Position 3 is near the lane line to your right and is used when there is a restriction to your path of travel or line of sight and you cannot move out of the lane. T – 2.55 Topic 5 Lesson 3 Moving from Lane Position ONE to THREE LP 1 LP 3 OBSTACLE

20. Possible Lane Positions The width of the lane allows drivers to make lane position adjustments to minimize risk and create more space between their car and problem situations. T – 2.56 Topic 5 Lesson 3 Lane Positions – 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 LP 3 LP 2 LP 4 LP 5 LP 1 OBSTACLE