1. Motorcycle Conspicuity Dawn Marshall National Advanced Driving Simulator dawn-marshall@uiowa.edu 319-335-4774 1

2. Contract Overview Funding from – Iowa Department of Transportation – Midwest Transportation Consortium Research team – University of Iowa, National Advanced Driving Simulator – Iowa State University, Institute for Transportation Timeline – August 2011 – March 2012 2

3. Study Visit Overview Recruitment – Telephone Screening Script Briefing (30 minutes) – Informed Consent, Video Release Form, and Verify that participant has a valid driver’s license – Participant completes the Driving Survey – Vision screening: Visual Acuity, Field of View and Colorblindness – Participant views the Conspicuity Participant Training PowerPoint Simulator Drives (1 hour) – Show participant vehicle controls – Eye tracking – Familiarization drive – Reaction Time Task – Two study drives: Urban and Rural, balanced for order – Wellness Survey Debriefing (15 to 30 minutes) – Motorcycle Conspicuity Factor Survey – Realism Survey – Debriefing Statement 3

4. Experimental Conditions Two age groups (between subject) – Young (25 to 55 years old) – Older (65 or more years old) Driving Environments (within subject) – Urban – Rural – Balanced for order Motorcycles (within subject) – 9 per drive 6 Oncoming 3 Leading – Randomized order Age GroupDrive Order # of Participants Younger Urban-Rural 9 Rural-Urban 9 Older Urban-Rural 9 Rural-Urban 9 Total Participants 36 4

5. Scenario Examples Urban EnvironmentRural Environment 5

6. Vehicle Detection Task – 9 Motorcycles – 9 Cargo trucks – 9 Pick-ups (urban only) Button press on steering wheel to indicate when vehicle is detected Reaction Time – Baseline recorded prior to study drives 6

7. Motorcycle Attributes On-coming 6 during each drive 3 levels of headlight – Daytime running lights (DRL) – High beam – Modulating 2 levels of rider color – Black – Yellow Order of presentation randomized Leading 3 during each drive 3 levels of rider color – Black – Blue – Yellow Order of presentation randomized 7

8. Experimental Conditions Two age groups (between subject) – Young (25 to 55 years old) – Older (65 or more years old) Driving Environments (within subject) – Urban – Rural – Balanced for order Motorcycles (within subject) – 9 per drive 6 Oncoming 3 Leading – Randomized order Age GroupDrive Order # of Participants Younger Urban-Rural 9 Rural-Urban 9 Older Urban-Rural 9 Rural-Urban 9 Total Participants 36 8