1. Life in the Southern United States: 1820-1860

2. T HE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH Antebellum = “before war” So when someone says, The Antebellum South, He/she means … Life in the South before the American Civil War

3. EMANCIPATION Emancipation = “to set free” So when someone says, The farmer emancipated his enslaved people, He/she means … The farmer set his enslaved people free

4. ECONOMY ECONOMY = “a country’s resources, jobs, & production interacting” So when someone says, The Southern Economy was built around farming, He/she means … Most of the South’s jobs & people making money, were connected to farming

5. Emancipation in the North

6. Missouri Compromise 1820

7.  Most common occupation = FARMING  Not many factories  Weak banking system  Relatively few Railroads IV.ANTEBELLUM SOUTHERN SOCIETY

8. So if most people are farmers, what did they grow ?

10. A “Cotton Boll”

11. B Y 1850, IN THE S OUTHERN U NITED S TATES … “ COTTON IS KING ”

12. Southern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern Agriculture

13. A COTTON GIN ( SHORT FOR COTTON ENGINE ] ) IS A MACHINE THAT QUICKLY AND EASILY SEPARATES THE COTTON FIBERS FROM THE SEEDS, A JOB PREVIOUSLY DONE BY HAND. COTTON

15. 1820 1860 Changes in Cotton Production

16. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

17. Cotton is measured in “BALES”

18. More BALES of Cotton!

19. How many more BALES of cotton were produced in 1860 compared to 1800?

20. What else was necessary for cotton production to increase by 4 million bales?

21. Slaves Picking Cotton on a Mississippi Plantation

22. “Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings” William Henry Brown, 1842

30. Where is cotton production thriving?

31. ENSLAVED-PERSON POPULATION COTTON PRODUCTION

32.  Northern Factories  European Markets What is the South’s COTTON KINGDOM doing once they harvest all this cotton? Who is buying cotton?

33.  COTTON GIN  ENSLAVED PEOPLE  Northern U.S. & EUROPE had a high demand for cotton to be used in textile factories REVIEW: REASONS for COTTON PRODUCTION INCREASE

34. Summarize the correlation between increased cotton production and slave labor