1. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS and PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

2. Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) 1- We can use the present perfect continuous with “for” and “since” to talk about a continuous or repeated activity which started in the past and continuous up to now or which will probably continue in the future for some time. - They have been building shopping centers since 1985. (They are still building other shopping centers.)

3. 2- We can also use this tense to talk about recently completed actions which have present results (we can see its signs). He is exhausted. He has been shopping all day. It has been raining. (It’s not raining right now but the floor is still wet)

4. 3- We use present perfect continuous to focus on “HOW LONG” My sister has been ill for two weeks. How long have you been working here? We have been looking for you all day.

5. Present Perfect Simple USAGE: 1- We use present perfect simple to talk about a RECENT COMPLETED action or series of actions. I have drunk three cups of coffee so far. He has written ten e-mails today. In these sentences you can see that the person finished some actions until that time.

6. WE use the present perfect simple to focus on “HOW MUCH / MANY” I have only had two computers so far. ( so far = until now.) Martin has written plenty of books. How much water has she drunk today?

7. How long has Jimmy been running? How many times has Jimmy won the race?

8. NOTE: Sometimes we can use Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous and the meaning is the same. We have lived in Izmir for 3 years. We have been living in Izmir since 2006.

9. Present Perfect Simple vs. Present Perfect Progressive Present Perfect Simple Emphasizes on the completed action. They have read a book about philosophy. (They finished reading the book.) Present PerfectProgressive Emphasizes on the result or event that continues. They have been reading a book about philosophy. (They are still reading the book.)

10. Present Perfect We want to know … How much someone has done something How many times someone has done something How many things someone has done She has cooked and cleaned all day. We have met twice a week for two months. Present Perfect Progressive We want to know or talk about... How long something has been happening. I have been reading the New York Magazine for two months.