1. Definitions SolubilityLabAcids and Bases Solutions 100 200 300 400 500 Final Jeopardy

2. 100 Definitions A homogeneous mixture of substances in a single phase Answer Answer

3. Definitions 100 Answer = solution

4. 200 Definitions A solution in which the amount of solute present is less than the maximum possible at that temperature Answer Answer

5. Definitions 200 Answer = unsaturated solution

6. 300 Definitions molarity Answer Answer

7. Definitions 300 Moles of solute per liter of solution

8. 400 Definitions The word “dissolution” means Answer Answer

9. Definitions 400 dissolving

10. 500 Definitions Describe the structure of a surfactant and how it works. Give an example of a surfactant. Answer

11. Definitions 500 Answer A surfactant is a large molecule with one polar end and one nonpolar end. It enables mixing of immiscible substances. Shampoo is a surfactant.

12. 100 Solubility What is meant by the phrase “like dissolves like”? Answer Answer

13. Solubility 100 Answer Substances of similar polarity are miscible. Polar dissolves polar. Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar.

14. 200 Solubility Explain the equilibrium that exists in a saturated solution Answer Answer

15. Solubility 200 Answer: solute particles are dissolving and recrystallizing at equal rates

16. 300 Solubility Explain how you would use a crystal of solute to determine whether the solution of that solute is saturated, supersaturated or unsaturated. Answer Answer

17. Solubility 300 Answer: A crystal added to the solution will: –dissolve in an unsaturated solution –sink to the bottom in a saturated solution –cause recrystallization to occur in a supersaturated solution

18. 400 Solubility What is the concentration of a solution which contains 4.00 g NaOH dissolved to make 500.0 mL of solution? Answer Answer

19. Solubility 400 Answer: Molarity = moles Liters ?mole = 4.00 g x 1 mole = 0.100 mol 40.00g M = 0.100 mol= 0.200 M NaOH 0.5000L

20. 500 Solubility Describe the trends in gas solubility as: a). Pressure increases b). Temperature increases Answer Answer

21. Solubility 500 Answer: As pressure of the gas above the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid increases. As temperature of the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid decreases.

22. 100 Lab Why does ethanol dissolve both water and ethyl acetate, even though the two are immiscible? Answer Answer

23. Answer 100 Lab Ethanol has a polar OH end which attracts the polar water molecules and a nonpolar hydrocarbon end which can dissolve the less polar ethyl acetate.

24. 200 Lab What is the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it was dissolved? Answer Answer

25. 200 Lab Answer Effervescence

26. 300 Lab An aqueous sample of unknown solid is mixed with the following chemicals, giving the colors below. What ion is most likely present in the sample? K 3 Fe(CN) 6 K 4 Fe(CN) 6 KSCN Deep blue light blue peach Answer Answer

27. Answer 300 Lab Fe 2+ (aq) iron (II)

28. 400 Lab What mass of NaCl (MM = 58.44 g/mol) is needed to make 75.0 mL of 2.00M solution? Answer Answer

29. Lab 400 Mole= M x L = 2.00 M x 0.0750 L = 0.15000 mol g = 0.1500 mol x 58.44 g = 8.77g NaCl mol

30. 500 Lab Describe at least 3 safety precautions to follow when diluting a strong acid. Answer

31. Lab 500 Answer: Wear gloves, goggles, apron or lab coat. Do it under the fume hood, fan on. Always add acid to water.

32. 100 Acids and Bases Name the most accurate pieces of glassware for: A. making a solution of a specific volume B. measuring a small volume of solution which will be diluted. C. performing a titration Answer

33. 100 Acids and Bases Answer: A. Volumetric flask or graduated cylinder B. pipet C. buret

34. 200 Acids and Bases Describe 3 properties of Bases, including pH range. Answer Answer

35. 200 Acids and Bases Answer feel slippery taste bitter react with acid yield salt + H 2 O pH > 7

36. 300 Acids & Bases Describe 4 properties of Acids, including pH range Answer Answer

37. 300 Acids and Bases Answer Taste sour pH < 7 React with some metals to produce H 2 gas React with bases to form a salt + water

38. 400 Acids & Bases Name the following. Tell if they are acids or bases, strong or weak. H 2 SO 4 HC 2 H 3 O 2 NH 3 CuOH Ba(OH) 2 HNO 3 H 2 CO 3 Answer Answer

39. Acids & Bases 400 Answer: H 2 SO 4 sulfuric acid – strong HC 2 H 3 O 2 acetic acid – weak NH 3 ammonia – weak base CuOH copper hydroxide -- weak base Ba(OH) 2 barium hydroxide – strong base HNO 3 nitric acid – strong H 2 CO 3 carbonic acid -- weak

40. Acids & Bases 500 In a titration, 15.00 mL of 2.00 M HCl is used to neutralize 10.00mL of NaOH solution. What was the concentration of the base solution? Answer

41. Acids & Bases 500 Answer Answer: Moles HCl = moles NaOH Moles HCl = 2.00M x 0.01500L = 0.0300 mol Molarity NaOH = mol = 0.0300 mol = 3.00M L 0.01000LNaOH

42. 100 Solutions What are the three types of solute particles? Are they visible to the naked eye? AnswerAnswer

43. Answer 100 Solutions Molecules, ions, or atoms. No, they cannot be seen with the naked eye.

44. Solutions 500 Answer 150 g of RbCl is dissolved in 300 g of water at 30 o C. What type of solution is this?

45. Answer for Solutions 200 The solubility of RbCl at 30 o C is 100 g per 100 g H 2 O. That means that 300 g would dissolve in 300 g of water. Thus 150 g/100 g of water is unsaturated.

46. 300 Solutions What volume of 6.0M HCl is needed to make 3.00 L of 0.500M HCl? Answer in mL. Answer Answer

47. Solutions 300 Answer: M C V C = M D V D 6.0 M x Vc = 0.500 M x 3.00 L Vc = 0.25 L = 250 mL of 6.0M HCl

48. 400 Solutions Describe 3 ways of increasing the rate at which a substance dissolves. Answer Answer

49. 400 Solutions Answer Increase surface area Stirring/shaking Temperature change (usually increase temp)

50. Solutions 500 Answer: 82 g KNO 3 / 100 g H 2 O

51. Solutions 500 Answer Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50 0 C. Estimate to the ones place.

53. Solutions 500 Answer Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50 0 C. Estimate to the ones place.

54. Final Jeopardy Substance A dissolves in water. Substance B dissolves in oil. Substances A and B are immiscible. Make a generalization about the polarities of substance A and substance B. Explain! AnswerAnswer

55. Final Jeopardy Answer Since H 2 O is polar, substance A must be polar. Since A and B are immiscible, as are oil and water, B must be nonpolar.

56. Answer The solubility of ammonia, NH 3, is 90 g/100 g of water at 0 o C. Draw the solubility curve for this substance.

57. Answer Potpourri 500