1. 2 nd Quarter Vocabulary 7 th Grade

2.  Definition: The portion of the Earth’s upper mantle that is directly below the lithosphere and consists of partially molten rock. #1-Asthenosphere

3.  Definition: Solid, unbroken rock present beneath any soil, sediment or other surface cover. #2-Bedrock

4.  Definition: The process through which chemical precipitates form within the pores spaces of sediment and help bind it into sedimentary rock. #3-Cementation

5.  Definition: A brown or black sedimentary rock that forms from accumulated plant debris. #4-Coal

6.  Definition: A compression process that reorients and reshapes the grains of a sediment in response to the weight of overlying deposits. #5-Compaction

7.  Definition: A clastic sedimentary rock that is made up of large rounded pebbles with the space between the pebbles filled with smaller particles or chemical cement that binds the rock together. #6-Conglomerate

8.  Definition: sediments that are composed of particles transported and deposited by wind, water or ice. #7-Detrital

9.  Definition: the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. #8-Epicenter

10.  Definition: the general term applied to the wearing away and movement of earth’s materials by gravity, wind, water and ice. #9-Erosion

11.  Definition: The process of liquid water becoming water vapor. #10-Evaporation

12.  Definition: Igneous rocks that crystallize at the Earth’s surface. #11-Extrusive

13.  Definition: An Igneous rock that has a large percentage of light-colored minerals. #12-Felsic

14. #13-Focus  Definition: The point beneath the Earth’s surface where the vibrations of an earthquake originate.

15. #14-Foliation  Definition: The layered characteristics of metamorphic rock that are evidence of the pressures/temperatures to which the rock was exposed.

16. #15-Fossil  Definition: Remains or imprints of ancient organisms that have been preserved in rock records.

17. #16-Igneous Rock  Definition: A rock formed by the crystallization of magma or lava.

18. #17-Intrusive  Definition: An igneous rock formed from magma that forced its way into sub- surface rock units.

19. #18-Lava  Definition: Molten rock material on the Earth’s surface.

20. #19-Limestone  Definition: A sedimentary rock consisting of at least 50% calcium carbonate by weight.

21. #20-Lithosphere  Definition: The rigid outer shell of the earth which includes the crust and a portion of the upper mantle.