1. Prelab 8

2. Alligation Problems
Liquid Paraffin emulsion
Turpentine oil emulsion

3. ALLIGATION

4. Alligation Medial
Used to calculate the “Average Percentage Strength” of mixture of two or more substances whose quantities and concentrations are known.

5. What is the percentage of alcohol in a lotion containing 1500ml
What is the percentage of alcohol in a lotion containing 1500ml. of witch hazel (14% alcohol), 2000ml. of glycerin, and 5000 ml. of 50% alcohol?

6. Alligation Alternate Percent desired Percent given Parts required
Used to calculate the number of parts of two or more components of a given strength when that should be used to prepare a mixture of desired strength.
Percent desired
Percent given
Parts required

7. a y c b x Number of parts of minus gives gives minus

8. Example
In what proportion should alcohols of 95% and 50% strengths be mixed to make 270 ml 70% alcohol? 95 20
Number of parts of
minus
gives 70
minus
gives 50 25
Number of parts of

9. In what proportion should 20% benzocaine ointment be mixed with ointment base to produce a 2.5% benzocaine ointment?
2.5
20%
zero%
2.5%
17.5

10. 100% 15% 10% 5 85 100% : 10% Parts 5 : 85 grams x : 3400g x= 200 g
How many grams of zinc oxide should be added to 3400 g. of a 10% zinc oxide ointment to prepare a product containing 15% of zinc oxide?
100%
10%
15% 5 85
100% : %
Parts :
grams x : g
x= 200 g

11. A hospital pharmacist wants to use three lots of ichthammol ointmentcontaining respectively 50%. 20%, and 5% of ichthammol. In whatproportion should they be mixed to prepare a 10% ichthammol ointment?
50%
20% 5%
10% 5 5 40
+ 10 = 50
50% : 20%: 5%
5 : : 50

12. in what proportion may a pharmacist mix 20%, 15% ,5% , 3% zinc oxide ointment to produce 10% ointment
20%
15% 5% 3%
10% 5
20%
15% 5% 3%
10% 7 7 5 OR 10 5 5 10

13. Liquid Paraffin emulsionRx
Liquid Paraffin ℥ss 15 ml
Gum Acacia Q.S.
Spirit Mentha min xv (15 x 0.06 = 0.9 ml)
Water to ℥ii 60 ml
Fiat: Haustus
Sig.: Statin
Keep in a cool Place
Shake The Bottle
The Draught
To be taken at once.

14. Liquid Paraffin is a mineral oil
Prepared using the dry gum method
Uses
It softens fecal contents by retarding water reabsorption, so it is useful in chronic constipation. O W G 3 2 1
15 ml
10 ml
5 g

15. 10 ml Water on the otherside
Trituration must be:
From the wrist.
In one direction.
In all parts of the morter.
Continueous.
Very Fast.
10 ml Water on the otherside
15 ml
Oil on oneside
In a dry mortar; add gum & grind with pestle
Place gum in a line in the center
Triturate with whipping motion until primary emulsion is formed (white , thick ,cracking sound)
Continue triturating for 2 min. (stabilization)

16. Add to emulsion portionwise with stirring
In test tube put 10 ml water ml spirit mentha
Mix well
Add to emulsion portionwise with stirring
10ml Water portion-wise
& triturate
10ml Water
Dpwise &
triturate
Wip with
a tissue
Adjust volume to 60 ml
Transfer to a cup measure
Primary Emulsion

17. Turpentine oil emulsionRx
Turpentine oil 8 ml
Gum Acacia Q.S.
Water to 40 ml
Fiat: Haustus
Sig.: Statin
Keep in a Cool Place
Shake The Bottle
The Draught
To be taken at once.

18. Turpentine oil is a volatile oil
Prepared using the dry gum method and wet gum method (prepared twice) O W G 2 1
8 ml
8ml
4 gm

19. 8 ml Water on the otherside
Trituration must be:
From the wrist.
In one direction.
In all parts of the morter.
Continueous.
Very Fast.
8 ml Water on the otherside
8 ml
Oil on oneside
In a dry mortar; add gum & grind with pestle
Place gum in a line in the center
Triturate with whipping motion until primary emulsion is formed (white , thick ,cracking sound)
Continue triturating for 2 min. (stabilization)

20. Transfer to a cup measure
10ml Water portion-wise
& triturate
10ml Water
Dpwise &
triturate
Wip with
a tissue
Adjust volume to 40 ml
Transfer to a cup measure
Primary Emulsion