1. C HEMICAL N OMENCLATURE Unit 4

2. N AMING T YPE I B INARY C OMPOUNDS Binary compound Made up of 2 elements consisting of a cation and an anion to make a Binary Ionic Compound Made of a metal and non-metal element

3. R ULES FOR N AMING T YPE I I ONIC C OMPOUNDS 1. The cation is always named first and the anion second 2. A simple cation (obtained from a single atom) takes its name from the name of the element. For example: Na+ is called sodium in the name of compounds containing this ion 3. A simple anion (obtained from a single atom) is named by taking the first part of the element name (the root) and adding –ide. Thus the Cl - ion is called Chloride 4. Write the name for the compound by combining the names of the ions

4. T ABLE 1: C OMMON S IMPLE C ATIONS AND A NIONS CationsNameAnionName H+H+ Hydrogen H-H- Hydride Li + Lithium F-F- Fluoride Na + Sodium Cl - Chloride K+K+ Potassium Br - Bromide Cs + Cesium I-I- Iodide Be + Beryllium O 2- Oxide Mg 2+ Magnesium S 2- Sulfide Ca 2+ Calcium Ba 2+ Barium Al 3+ Aluminum Ag + Silver

5. E XAMPLES Name NaClSodium chloride KI Potassium iodide CaS Calcium sulfide CsBr Cesium bromide MgO Magnesium oxide

6. T YPE II – N AMING B INARY I ONIC C OMPOUNDS THAT CONTAIN METALS THAT FORM MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF CATIONS This type of compound contains a metal that can form more than one type of cation (Transition metals) Differs from the Type I in that you place the Roman Numeral in the name The Roman numeral tells the charge on the ion, not the number of ions present in the compound

7. E XAMPLES CuCl Cu(I) chloride HgO Mercury (II) oxide

8. T YPE III – N AMING BINARY COMPOUNDS THAT CONTAIN ONLY NONMETALS 1. The first element in the formula is named first, and the full element name is used 2. The element is named as though it were an anion 3. Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms present. These prefixes are given in the following table 4. The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element. For example: CO is called carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide

9. P REFIXES U SED TO I NDICATE N UMBERS IN C HEMICAL N AMES PrefixNumber Indicated Mono-1 Di-2 Tri-3 Tetra-4 Penta-5 Hexa-6 Hepta-7 Octa-8

10. E XAMPLES NO Nitrogen monoxide N2O5N2O5 Di nitrogen pentaoxide SF 6 Sulfur hexafluoride SO 2 Sulfur dioxide P4O6P4O6 Tetra phosphorus hexaoxide

11. R EVIEW Type I Ionic compounds with metals that always form a cation with the same charge Type II Ionic compounds with metals (usually transition metals) that form cations with various charges Type III Compounds that contain only nonmetals