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Published byEdward Hines Modified over 9 years ago
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Health Care Associated Infections and Infection Control
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Resources Lecture – nosocomial infections ▫Lots of stuff about bacteria Infection control in health care facilities – chapter 13 ▫Long ▫Really quite good Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare ▫I read the executive summary which is still really long. ▫Really terribly boring. I can’t imagine an exam question really related to the stuff in this document. Summary on blackboard ▫Along with the lecture probably sufficient
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Terminology Health Care Associated Infections – HCAIs Hospital Acquired Infections – HAIs Throughout history drastic decreases in mortality and morbidity have been made through advances in hygiene. There still an awful lot of work to do.
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It is quite a problem. HAIs are the most common hospital complication. Costs and issues: ▫Morbidity and mortality ▫Increase in hospital stay ▫Cost of antimicrobial therapy ▫Reduced productivity ▫Insurance claims ▫Additional reservoir for the infection
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Statistics 200,000 HAIs leading to 7000 deaths (2003). $268 million per year for surgical site infection (2003). $686 million per year for blood stream infections (2003). 2 million bed days per anum (2003). You’ll notice these are widely different to those in the summary. We’ve improved. Most common HAIs ▫UTIs, surgical wounds, lower respiratory tract, skin, blood
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Causes What bacteria have been responsible for HAIs have changed over the years. Many infections are now due to resistant bacteria. MRSA, VREF, ESBL, CDAD, VRSA, VISA etc Viruses – norovirus, rotavirus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, RSV Fungi – candida, aspergillus funigaus
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