1. Vertebral Joints & Biomechanics
Vickiey Aspell, Carolyn Eddy, Matt Martin

2. Joint movement and facets
Articulating surfaces for zygapophysial joints
Craniovertebral joints

3. Ligaments Ligaments of the Spine: Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Supraspinal Ligament
Interspinal Ligaments
Ligamenta Flava
Intertransverse Ligaments
Ligamentum Nuchae
Moore, K.L., Agur, A.M.R. and Dalley, A.F. Essential Clinical Anatomy. 5th ed, LWW, 2015.

4. Splenius Cervicis and Capitis
Multifidus and Rotatores
Intrinsic Muscles
Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side
assist with local extension
and rotatory movements
Acting alone: laterally flex neck and rotate head Acting together: extend head and neck
Semisplinalis
Erector Spinae
bilaterally: extend vertebral
column and head
Acting unilaterally: laterally
flex vertebral column
Extends head,thoracic,
and cervical
Rotates contralaterally

5. Cervical+ Thoracic+Lumbar
Movements of the spine
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Cervical+ Thoracic+Lumbar
Flexion
65º
35º
50º
150º
Extension
40º
25º
100º
Lateral Flexion
20º
75º
Rotation 5º
90º
In your group, you will each analyze the range of motion of each other
in your designated region of the spine. Think about what aspects
of the spine are limiting the range of motion in that region
(ie, muscles, joints, ligaments).

6. Work cited
Dean, N.A. and B.S. Mitchell Anatomic relation between the nuchal ligament (ligamentum nuchae) and the spinal dura mater in the craniocervical region. Clin. Anat. 15:
Moore, K.L., Agur, A.M.R. and Dalley, A.F. Essential Clinical Anatomy. 5th ed, LWW,