1. Child Rearing Practices and Cultural Diversity

2. Do not stereotype! Acculturation Acculturation SES level SES level Specific ethnic group Specific ethnic group Geographical area Geographical area Exposure Exposure age age

3. European Americans Child-centeredness Child-centeredness Independency Independency Individualism Individualism Formal early education valued Formal early education valued Sometimes both parents in workforce Sometimes both parents in workforce

4. Native Americans Family members may be primary caregivers in early years (grandparents, aunts and uncles Family members may be primary caregivers in early years (grandparents, aunts and uncles Group may be focus Group may be focus Respect for elders Respect for elders Avoid ridicule or critism Avoid ridicule or critism Observation of others/nonverbal language Observation of others/nonverbal language Seeks harmony Seeks harmony

5. African Americans Children are future-need adult protection and guidance Children are future-need adult protection and guidance Must be disciplined-adult responsibility Must be disciplined-adult responsibility –Setting limits Good education, food and place to play Good education, food and place to play Focus on obedience, and respect, do best in school Focus on obedience, and respect, do best in school Focus on kinship Focus on kinship Adults-loco parentis Adults-loco parentis

6. Latino American Families Children validate marriage Children validate marriage Nurturing to children (may be viewed as permissive and indulgent) Nurturing to children (may be viewed as permissive and indulgent) Relaxed attitude toward development of early skills (interdependence) Relaxed attitude toward development of early skills (interdependence) Closeness-family members (siblings) Closeness-family members (siblings) Male dominance Male dominance respect for elders respect for elders Language Language religion religion

7. Asian families Focus on family structure Focus on family structure Value of sons Value of sons Generation Generation Discipline and education Discipline and education Responsibility for own behavior in preschool Responsibility for own behavior in preschool Early acquisition of self-help skills Early acquisition of self-help skills Language Language

8. Middle Eastern Families Support system Support system Responsibility for family Responsibility for family Language Language Religious beliefs Religious beliefs