3. Sometimes users want to specify or change the appearance of a group of words or characters, or even of a single word or character, and they are not familiar enough with all of Word's font formatting options to know how to achieve the effect that they are seeking. Although most users are probably familiar with some different font families and sizes and with the italic and bold typefaces, many users do not know how to determine and apply the settings that are needed to add a colour background to their text or to type the name of the programming language C #, the formula for the area of a circle A = πr 2, or the chemical formula for water H 2 0.

4. The graphical user interface (GUI) provides ways to apply the various font formatting options (or character formatting options) to your text. In Word 2010 and Word 2007, many of these options are displayed directly in the Font group on the Home tab of the Ribbon and on the contextual toolbar that appears when you right- click within text. Additional options are available in the Font dialog box, which you can open by clicking the Font dialog box launcher ( ) in the lower right-hand corner of the Font group on the Home tab.

5. Word 2003, many of these options are displayed directly on the Formatting toolbar, and additional options are available in the Font dialog box, which you can open by right-clicking and then clicking Font ( ) on the context-sensitive menu that opens or by clicking Font on the Format menu. In all versions, you can also open the Font dialog box without reaching for your mouse by pressing Ctrl+D.

6. The Font dialog box has two tabs. Font Character Spacing The font formatting options that you can configure on the Font tab in the Font dialog box influence the appearance of the individual characters in your text.

7. DIALOG BOX (FONT TAB)

8. These font formatting options include the following.

9. DIALOG BOX (CHRACTER SPACING TAB)

10. These formatting settings can be used to do the following. Change the width of characters relative to their height and thereby stretch or contract your text Increase the spacing between characters or decrease it so that characters can even overlap Change the position of your text and create raised characters Change the position of your text and create lowered characters Apply kerning

11. Formatting Text and Lists Formatting text The functions for formatting text in PowerPoint are very similar with other Microsoft programs, especially Microsoft Word. Select the text you want to format and click on the Format menu --> Font to make changes such as font size, style type and effects:

13. You can use the Formatting toolbar to make one change at a time:

14. Styles A style is a format enhancing tool that includes font typefaces, font size, effects (bold, italics, underline, etc.), colors and more. You will notice that on the Home Tab of the Ribbon, that you have several areas that will control the style of your document: Font, Paragraph, and Styles.

17. To change the font size: Click the arrow next to the font size and choose the appropriate size, or Click the increase or decrease font size buttons.

18. Font Styles and Effects Font styles are predefined formatting options that are used to emphasize text. They include: Bold, Italic, and Underline. To add these to text: Select the text and click the Font Styles included on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or Select the text and right click to display the font tools

19. Change Text Color To change the text color: Select the text and click the Colors button included on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or Highlight the text and right click and choose the colors tool. Select the color by clicking the down arrow next to the font color button.

20. Highlight Text Highlighting text allows you to use emphasize text as you would if you had a marker. To highlight text: Select the text Click the Highlight Button on the Font Group of the Ribbon, or Select the text and right click and select the highlight tool To change the color of the highlighter click on down arrow next to the highlight button.

21. Paragraph Formatting

22. Paragraph formatting lets you control the appearance if individual paragraphs. For example, you can change the alignment of text from left to center or the spacing between lines form single to double. You can indent paragraphs, number them, or add borders and shading to them. Paragraph formatting is applied to an entire paragraph. All formatting for a paragraph is stored in the paragraph mark and carried to the next paragraph when you press the Enter key. You can copy paragraph formats from paragraph to paragraph and view formats through task panes.

23. Formatting paragraphs allows you to change the look of the overall document. You can access many of the tools of paragraph formatting by clicking the Page Layout Tab of the Ribbon or the Paragraph Group on the Home Tab of the Ribbon.

28. The easiest way to change paragraph alignment is to use the alignment buttons on the Formatting toolbar.

29. You can also use keyboard shortcuts. Ctrl+L= Left Align; Ctrl+R= Right Align; Ctrl+E= Center; Ctrl+J= Justify.

33. Indent Paragraphs Indenting paragraphs allows you set text within a paragraph at different margins. There are several options for indenting: First Line: Controls the left boundary for the first line of a paragraph Hanging: Controls the left boundary of every line in a paragraph except the first one Left: Controls the left boundary for every line in a paragraph Right: Controls the right boundary for every line in a paragraph

34. To indent paragraphs, you can do the following: Click the Indent buttons to control the indent. Click the Indent button repeated times to increase the size of the indent. Click the dialog box of the Paragraph Group Click the Indents and Spacing Tab Select your indents

36. 1.With the insertion point in the same paragraph, click the down arrow to the right of the Line Spacing button on the formatting toolbar. Choose 2.0 for double-spacing. Choose 1.0 to restore the single-spacing to the paragraph. 2.Right-click the first paragraph and choose Paragraph from the shortcut menu. (You can also open this menu by selecting Paragraph from the Format menu). 3.Click the down arrow to open the line spacing drop-down list and choose Double. You can see the change in the preview box. 4.With the dialog box still open, select Single from the line spacing drop down menu. Notice the change in the preview pane. 5.Choose Multiple from the Line Spacing drop-down list. In the At box, key 1.25 (highlight the text in the box and type over it). Press Tab to see the change in the preview pane. 6.Click OK. Notice that Word has added an extra quarter-line of space between lines in the paragraph. ACTIVITY

38. Add Borders and Shading You can add borders and shading to paragraphs and entire pages. To create a border around a paragraph or paragraphs: Select the area of text where you want the border or shading. Click the Borders Button on the Paragraph Group on the Home Tab Choose the Border and Shading Choose the appropriate options

40. 1.Open a document in Office Word 2007. If you want to add a border to a paragraph or text, select it. Typically, borders are added as a finishing touch after a document has been written. 2.On the Page Layout tab in the Page Background group, click Page Borders. 3.In the Borders and Shading dialog box, do one of the following: A.To add a paragraph or text border, click the Borders tab. B.To add a page border, click the Page Border tab. C. Under Setting, click the type of border you want.

41. 4. In the center section, modify the line style, border color, and width. You can even click Art to add a design to a page border

42. 5. Check Preview to see how the border will look. Click the buttons to add or remove borders along the sides, top, and bottom. 6. Click Apply to, and select the parts of the document that you want the border to enclose, such as Text, Paragraph, or Section. Then, click OK.

43. Apply a Page Border and Color To apply a page border or color: Click the Page Layout Tab on the Ribbon On the Page Background Group, click the Page Colors or Page Borders drop down menus