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University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation
How to Get Cows Pregnant for the Purebred and Commercial Sectors of the Beef Industry – Using GnRH and CIDRs Cliff Lamb University of Minnesota Beef Improvement Federation July 2005
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Estrous Synchronization and AI
Natural Service vs. Estrous Synchronization and AI
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Cost ($) per Pregnancy of Various Estrous Synchronization Protocols
Herd size Protocol 30 hd 100hd 300hd Natural Service MGA-PGF MGA Select MGA Select – TAI Select Synch CO-Synch PGF-CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR Select Synch+CIDR (Johnson and Jones, 2004)
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Advantages of Natural Service and Artificial Insemination
Cost Hassle factor Labor Time Good bulls at reasonable price Genetic Improvement Proven sires Shorten breeding season Shorten calving season Uniform calf crop Induce cyclicity
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Effect of Postcalving Feed on Postpartum Estrus
(Short et al., 1988)
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Effect of Body Condition on Cyclicity
Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)
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Effect of Parity and Body Condition on Ovulation Rates
Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)
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Effect of Days Postpartum on Cyclicity
Body condition score (Stevenson et al., 2004)
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Estrous Synchronization Protocols
Hybrid Synch Two shot PGF MGA/PGF Select Synch 7-11 Synch MGA Select Hybrid Synch+CIDR Ov-synch Presynch Resynch CIDR/PGF One shot PGF CO-synch Heat Synch CO-synch+CIDR
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CIDR and GnRH Based Protocols
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Concentrations of Progesterone in Ovariectomised Cows Produced by CIDR Containing 1.9g and 1.38g Progesterone Over a 20 Day Treatment ( = CIDRÒ1900 Cattle insert, = CIDRÒ1380 Cattle insert, N = 10, error bars = SEM)
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CIDR Protocols in Heifers
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CIDR-PG & TAI Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI CO-Synch+CIDR CIDR-PG+TAI TAI &
GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG+TAI -18 to B B Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF
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Effect of Location on Pregnancy Rates
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First Service Pregnancy Rates
282/517 n = 289/504 n = 282/531 n = 258/525 Treatments
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Pregnancy Rates after Estrus Detection Alone vs TAI
57.3 54.5 53.1 49.1 Treatment P = 0.221
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CIDR-PG & TAI Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR
Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+ CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF
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Distribution of estrus as a percentage of all heifers treated
58% 61% Hours after PGF
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Hours from PGF to Estrus
Treatments
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CIDR Protocols in Cows
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CO-synch vs. CO-synch+CIDR
TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CO-Synch TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF (Lamb et al., 2001)
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First Service Pregnancy Rates
Treatments
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Effect of BCS on Pregnancy Rates
Body condition score (Lamb et al., 2001)
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Select Synch+CIDR & TAI
GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CO-Synch TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR CO-Synch+CIDR TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF Select Synch & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI -18 to B B Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF
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Effect of Location on Pregnancy Rates
Locations
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First Service Pregnancy Rates
x x x x b n = 266/506 n = 238/548 n = 290/539 n = 269/507 n = 289/498 Treatments P < 0.05
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Pregnancy Rates after Estrus Detection Alone vs TAI
58 53 54 53 43 b a c a,b b Treatment P < 0.05
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Effect of Days Postpartum on Pregnancy Rates
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Characteristics of Estrus
TAI & GnRH PGF CIDR CIDR-PG & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF Select Synch & TAI Detect estrus & AI TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Select Synch+CIDR & TAI Detect estrus & AI Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF
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Distribution of estrus
52% 47% 57% Hours after PGF
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Hours from PGF to Estrus and AI
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Calving Distribution after Synchronization of Estrous
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Calving Characteristics
Gender ratio Treatment Gestation length AI calves Clean-up bulls PGF-CIDR &TAI CO-Synch CO-Synch+CIDR Select Synch & TAI Select Synch+CIDR & TAI Overall Overall births
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Recommendations (for optimum PR) - Estrus Detection
Cows and Heifers TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Detect estrus & AI Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF Select Synch+CIDR & TAI
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Recommendations (for optimum PR) - Timed AI
TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Heifers TAI & GnRH GnRH PGF CIDR Cows Days relative to PGF Hours relative to PGF CO-Synch+CIDR
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Additional Considerations for Cattlemen
Estrous Synchronization for bull breeding herds Resynchronization of estrus for non- pregnant cows Consider fixed-time AI Work with experts to define reproductive management procedures
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