1. “ TISSUES- BEYOND KLEENEX”

2. What is a tissue?? Groups of cells that are similar in structure and function 4 Types: epithelium, connective, nervous, muscle

3. EPITHELIAL TISSUE “covering” Function= protection, absorption, secretion, excretion Location= body surfaces Cells fit closely together No blood supply Divides quickly Basement membrane Apical surface

4. Types of Epithelial Tissue Characterized by shape & # of layers Simple (1 layer) Stratified (many layers)

5. Simple Squamous Epithelium Single, flat, thin, fish-like Alveoli (lungs), capillaries

6. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Single, cube-shaped Nucleus in center Glands, kidneys, ovaries

7. Simple Columnar Epithelium Single, long Nuclei near basement membrane Thick Goblet cells- produce mucus Digestive tract

8. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Appear layered, but NOT cilia Respiratory tract

9. Stratified Squamous Epithelium Many layers, thick & flat Protection Esophagus, mouth, outer skin

10. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Layers, cubed Protection Sweat ducts Rare

11. Stratified Columnar Epithelium Layers, columns Rare Male urethra

12. Transitional Epithelium Modified stratified squamous Stretchable Only in urinary system

13. Glandular Epithelium Cells produce and secrete substances Endocrine Glands- secrete into body fluids or blood (hormones) Exocrine Glands- secrete onto surface (sweat)

14. QUIZ Epithelial Quiz Histology

15. CONNECTIVE TISSUE support, protection, binding together Most abundant tissue in the body Extracellular matrix- nonliving, liquid, gel-like, or hard –Collagen fibers (white -tendons) –Elastic fibers (elastic -yellow- vocal chords) –Reticular fibers (very fine)

16. Bone Tissue Rigid & hard (hard matrix) Support & protection Osteocytes (bone cells) in lacunae (cavities) Blood supply good, heals fast

17. CARTILAGE- Hyaline Cartilage More flexible Chondrocytes (cells) in lacunae Nose, larynx, bone ends, fetus skeleton

18. CARTILAGE- Elastic Cartilage Ear Elastic fibers

19. CARTILAGE- Fibrocartilage Shock absorber Knee caps, vertebrae

20. Dense Connective Tissue Closely packed collagen fibers Tendons, ligaments Blood supply low; heals slow

21. Loose Connective Tissue- Areolar tissue Delicate, thin, more matrix Cushions organs

22. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE- Adipose Tissue FAT cells Stored oil pushes nuclei to side Insulation & protection

23. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUSE- Reticular Connective Tissue Lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow Reticular fibers

24. Blood Cells/ nonliving plasma Transportation WBC, RBC, platelets, plasma

25. Skeletal Muscle Specialized to contract Attached to bones Voluntary Striations, many nuclei

26. Cardiac Muscle Striated, 1 nucleus, intercalated disks Involuntary Heart only

27. Smooth Muscle No striations 1 nucleus, cells pointed at ends Involuntary Stomach, bladder

28. Nervous Tissue Cells = neurons

29. Tissue Repair

30. Wound Healing 2 ways: –Regeneration: replacement of destroyed tissue by cells –Fibrous: “scar tissue” Depends on type of tissue damaged & severity

31. wound healing animationwound healing animation Granulation tissue Good regeneration: –Skin, bone Poor regeneration: –Cardiac & nervous tissue

33. NEOPLASMS- Cancerous or Benign Cell divides rapidly (cancerous or benign)

34. Hyperplasia Tissues enlarge because of a stimulus that irritates the cells

35. Atrophy