1. Number Bonds for Addition and Subtraction Charline Brown

3. What is a Number Bond?

4. Why are Number Bonds important for students to discover and explore? Number bonds allow students to visualize addition and subtraction. Number bonds allow students to talk about patterns in number play. Number bonds are the beginning stages of decomposition and recomposition of number, preparing for operation with larger numbers.

5. Concrete Exploration of Number Bonds In pre-K students master one-to-one correspondence by counting bears, beads, beans, etc. Students begin to manipulate clusters of objects to visualize number bonds.

6. Concrete Exploration of Number Bonds

7. Next, students come to see number represented 3 ways – cluster of objects, numeral and word. 4= four = Students now use the abstract numeral to represent their desired number, paving the way for conventional number bond representation.

8. Concrete Exploration of Number Bonds 5 2 3

10. One of the best ways to bridge the concrete-pictorial- abstract representations of number bonds is through Number Bond Bracelets

11. Use the materials to construct 2 number bond bracelets – one for 10 and the other for 15. For 10, use random color beads. For 15, make 10 one color and the other 5 a different color. Concrete – making number bonds by manipulating the beads Pictorial – drawing the beads on the bracelets on paper Abstract – writing the number sentence on paper using numeral to represent number

12. Number Bond Bracelets Extensions I have a mystery bracelet. It has more than 6 but less than 9. It is an even number. Show me the bracelet. Have children write number stories using a given bracelet. Have students order their bracelets from greatest value to least value. Have students place all even value bracelets on one arm and all odd value bracelets on the other.

13. Cuisenaire Rods

14. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Use the Cuisenaire Rods to make all the number bond pairs for 9.

15. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Why use Cuisenaire Rods? Cuisenaire Rods allow students to bridge from concrete to abstract understanding of number. Each rod is unique in color and color helps children commit concepts to memory. Cuisenaire Rods show each individual unit represented. Cuisenaire Rods allow students to “see” patterns in number bonds.

16. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Why use Cuisenaire Rods? Cuisenaire Rods allow students to “see” patterns in number bonds. Cuisenaire Rods can also be used to concretely demonstrate other math concepts (multiplication, division, fractions, algebra). Cuisenaire Rods allow students to explore part-part-whole relationships. They develop algebraic thinking in finding a missing addend.

17. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Use the Cuisenaire Rods to make all the number bond pairs for 11.

18. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Use the Cuisenaire Rods to make all the number bond pairs for 14.

19. Number Bonds with Cuisenaire Rods Missing addend – Algebraic Thinking

20. Exploration of Number Bonds One of the best kinesthetic ways to explore number bonds is through: Number Line Walks

21. Place the desired length of masking tape on the floor. Use consistent tile intervals to place numbers on the line. If on carpet, use a ruler to mark off consistent intervals. Ask students to think about their movement on the number line in relationship to a partner’s movement.

22. Number Line Walks Try a Number Line Walk for 10: First student walks to 3. How many steps must the next student walk to get to 10? Student one walked 3. Student two walked 7. What do you notice about those two numbers?

23. Number Line Walks Try a Number Line Walk for 10: First student walks to 6. How many steps must the next student walk to get to 10? Student one walked 6. Student two walked 4. What do you notice about those two numbers?

24. Number Line Walks How many combinations can you find to get to 10? What do you notice about the number pairs? Is there a number that is exactly half? How do you know? Do you notice any other number patterns?

25. Number Line Walks Students naturally compare numbers and tease out patterns. Allows for discovery of benchmark fractions. Builds vocabulary – even, odd, greater than, less than, etc.

26. Number Line Walks Number Bond Pairs for 10 10 + 0 9 + 1 8 + 2 7 + 3 6 + 4 5 + 5

27. Exploration of Number Bonds Through Games A deck of cards is a wonderful resource to help children develop understanding of number bonds.

28. Sums and Differences Take a deck of cards and remove all the Jacks, Queens, Kings and Jokers. Aces will stand for a value of 1. Three players are needed for a game. Positions are rotated during play. Use recording sheet to keep track of points scored.

29. Sums and Differences Value of My Card Value of My Partner’s Card Sum of Both Cards My Points + = + = + = My Name: ___________________ Sums My Partner ’ s Name: __________________

30. Go Fish Take a deck of cards and remove all the Jacks, Queens, Kings and Jokers. Aces will stand for a value of 1. Decide on a “Magic Number” for the round (pairs can be made for sums or differences). Each player can have 5 cards at a time in their hand. Use recording sheet to keep track of pairs achieved and points scored.

31. Go Fish Card 1 6 9 5 8 3 2 + or - Card 2 Ace 2 2 4 5 Answer 777777 My Name: ___________________ Go Fish My Partner ’ s Name: __________________ Magic Number For Game: 7 Total Pairs in Game: ________

32. Math Balance Scales

33. Sumblox

34. Online Math Games Math Playground - Number Bonds Math Playground Cuisenaire Rods Math Playground - More Number Bonds Number Bond Machine