1. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Days of Future Past TechConnections 7 13 June 2006 Dublin, OH Eric Childress OCLC Research

2. OCLC Online Computer Library Center Outline  Big Picture  Libraryscape  Selected Work  FRBR  Loosely-coupled applications  Ajax

3. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Big Picture “You look around you. Things they astound you.” Dawn: Dawn Is A feeling – The Moody Blues

4. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Pattern Recognition  Portable  Info devices, Net everywhere  Personalized  My way, Right now  Public  Sharing & Surfacing  Property  Permission-needed vs. Permission-granted  Pluggable  Think small, Play nice

5. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Data Rules  Deep indexing:  Amazon’s “Search Inside” and “Statistically Improbable Phrases”  Google, Yahoo, Microsoft underwriting library digitization work  Library space: NetLibrary & many others indexing contentNetLibrary  Custom search feeds: Google Alerts, News topic RSS, etc.Google Alerts  Recommendation systems:  Amazon, Apple iTunes, other retailers – “people like you chose…”  Novel concepts: Pandora – suggests music based on intrinsic patterns of music you like (the “music genome”)Pandora

6. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Techscape  Web 2.0:  The Network spans all attached devices (e.g., iPods, phones, etc.)  Software resides on the Net, not the workstation  “Participative Net” – social environment, shared content reused  System refactoring  Modularity (micro-services, remixing, multiple sources)  Layering (loosely-coupled systems)  Interoperability (low-friction, high reuse)  Lightweight protocols gaining favor (e.g., SRW/SRU, microformats)SRW/SRUmicroformats  Machine-oriented services (web services)

7. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Libraryscape “Yesterday's dreams, Are tomorrow's sighs.” The Morning: Another Morning – The Moody Blues

8. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Libraries - next phase  Surfacing seamlessly  Point-of-need delivery (e.g., library content in non-library apps such as the Web, course management systems, etc.)  Open WorldCat, RedLightGreen, OAIster, etc. Open WorldCatRedLightGreenOAIster  Open standards, easy integration of data from many sources  Re-thinking, re-engineering  Library 2.0 changes systems & services Library 2.0  Moving towards “Lego”-like modularity in systems & data  User-tasks-oriented designs (e.g., NCSU catalog)NCSU catalog  Adding means for users to contribute, shape their own experiences  Supporting Library 2.0 will mean changing organizations & operations  More building space for people-to-people interaction, less for books  Process & operational changes  Example: Choose-acquire-catalog vs. Acquire-choose-catalogChoose-acquire-catalog vs. Acquire-choose-catalog

9. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Robin Murray [ppt]ppt Synthesize - to combine often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole. Synthesize Mobilize Specialize - involve specific knowledge in order to serve a particular purpose; to apply or direct to specific end or use. Specialize Mobilize - to put into action Workplace applications - points of need Local service Local added value Local context Local knowledge Library Systems Atomic Library ServicesAtomic ‘non-Library’ Services

10. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Visioning activities anew

11. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Selected Work “Dawn is a feeling.” Dawn: Dawn Is A feeling – The Moody Blues

12. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Technology to watch  Model:  FRBR (Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records)  Approach:  Loosely-coupled applications  AJAX

13. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center “The FRBR model is revolutionary. The (computer) catalogue is not seen as a sequence of bibliographic records and a replica of the traditional card catalogue, but rather as a network of connected data, enabling the user to perform seamlessly all the necessary functions.” -Dr. Maja Žumer. National and University Library, Ljubljana, Slovenia

14. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center FRBR basics  FRBR = Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records  Developed by cataloging experts working under the auspices of IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions)  FRBR is from a document issued by IFLA:  Functional Requirements For Bibliographic Records: Final Report (1998)  FRBR is a conceptual model (not a standard!)  FRBR systematically models the bibliographic universe

15. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Work Expression Is realized through Is exemplified by Item Manifestation Is embodied in A distinct intellectual or artistic creation The intellectual or artistic realization of a work The physical embodiment of an expression A single exemplar of a manifestation FRBR Group 1 Entities

16. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center OCLC FRBR work set algorithm-based cluster of related WorldCat records OriginalEnglish Translation Illustrated edition Abridged edition Adaptation Expressions Work¹ Work² e¹e²e³ e¹

17. Works with 1 manifestation: 87% Works with between 2 and 5 manifestations: 12% Works with > 5 manifestations: 1% Works with 1 manifestation: 43% of total holdings Works with between 2 and 5 manifestations: 40% of total holdings Works with > 5 manifestations: 17% of total holdings Manifestations By Holdings Works in WorldCat

18. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample FRBR implementations

19. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center xISBN  OCLC Research prototype  Reveals all ISBNs associated with individual works in WorldCat  Web service:  URL syntax query (submit an ISBN)  Simple XML response (all ISBNs in workset)  Ex: Dune http://labs.oclc.org/xisbn/0 441172717 http://labs.oclc.org/xisbn/0 441172717  Users:  Various, loosely-coupled look-it-up applications  Copyright Clearance Center  OCLC Research team:  Thom Hickey (lead)  Jenny Toves  Jeff Young

20. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center FictionFinder  OCLC Research prototypeprototype  Supports searching & browsing of fiction materials cataloged in WorldCat  Fiction records — 2.8 million  Unique works — 1.4 million  Total holdings — 130 million  Employs FRBR to:  Build a “work” view & cluster related records  Support the creation of special indexes  OCLC Research team:  Diane Vizine-Goetz (lead)  Roger Thompson  Carol Hickey  J.D. Shipengrover  New version:  Available later in 2006  Improved navigation & work- based displays

25. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample loosely-coupled application

26. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Terminology Services Project  OCLC Research prototype  Explores Semantic Web value of vocabularies  Enriched versions of controlled vocabularies & classification schemes  Multiple formats (MARCXML, SKOS, Zthes)  Machine-friendly (e.g., web services)  Nascent work on vocabulary identifier issues  Product version out mid- 2006  OCLC Research team:  Diane Vizine-Goetz (lead)  Carol Hickey  Andrew Houghton  Tram Nguyen-Pham  Roger Thompson

27. Terminology Services Architecture Web Service Proxy SRW/URESTSOAP Browser Sidebar Metadata Editing Application Registration Query handling Markup translation Authorization/Authentication Microsoft Office Research Pane Full Text SQLXML 1 2 3 Storage Technology Layer Application Protocol Layer

29. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample AJAX implementation

30. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Ajax  Stands in for “Asynchronous JavaScript+CSS+DOM+XMLHtt pRequest”  Eliminates the start-stop- start-stop nature of interaction on the Web by introducing an intermediary — an Ajax engine — between the user and the server  Being used extensively by Google, adopted by others Technolgies used together:  standards-based presentation using XHTML and CSS standards-based presentation  dynamic display and interaction using the Document Object ModelDocument Object Model  data interchange and manipulation using XML and XSLTXML and XSLT  asynchronous data retrieval using XMLHttpRequestXMLHttpRequest  and JavaScript binding everything together.JavaScript

31. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Ajax “Ajax: A New Approach to Web Applications” / Jesse James Garrett

33. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Live Search  OCLC Research prototype  Features:  Quick searches target with each additional keystroke of search term/phrase  Retrieves ordered, FRBR- inspired results (combined with holdings-based ranking)  Narrow-by Dewey attributes (expressed as captions)  OCLC Research Team:  Thom Hickey (lead)  Jenny Toves  Ralph LeVan  Files being prototyped:  Phoenix Public+DDC  LCSH

34. Narrow by natural facets (“categories”) of any given result set

35. item data drawn from Phoenix Public’s OPAC

36. OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Further reading  OCLC Reports  http://www.oclc.org/reports http://www.oclc.org/reports  OCLC Research  http://www.oclc.org/research http://www.oclc.org/research  OCLC-related blogs:  Lorcan Dempsey http://orweblog.oclc.orghttp://orweblog.oclc.org  Thom Hickey http://outgoing.typepad.com/outgoinghttp://outgoing.typepad.com/outgoing  Stu Weibel http://weibel-lines.typepad.comhttp://weibel-lines.typepad.com  It’s All Good http://scanblog.blogspot.comhttp://scanblog.blogspot.com