1. African Kingdoms

2. East African Kingdoms Axum Location: Christian Kingdom
Near the Nile River
Near the Ethiopian Highlands
Christian Kingdom

3. Axum Axum traded with Egypt, the Middle East and India.
It was located next to the Red Sea.
By the 4th century A.D., Axum was a world power.

4. East African Kingdoms Zimbabwe Location:
Near Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers
On the coast of the Indian Ocean.
City of “Great Zimbabwe” is capital of rich empire.

5. Zimbabwe The city of Great Zimbabwe was an important trading center.
Trader from Africa’s interior would pass through when bringing items to the Indian Ocean to trade, and vice versa.
We know little about the people who lived there.

6. West African Kingdoms Ghana, Mali, & Songhai Location:
Next to or on the Niger River.
Near and part of the Sahara Desert

7. West African Kingdoms Ghana, Mali, & Songhai Mansa Musa Society
A king of Mali.
His pilgrimage to Mecca put so much gold into the economy of Cairo that gold lost most of its value for over 12 years.
Society
Usually Islamic, also believed in animal worship.
City of Timbuktu is a center of learning and trade.
Grew rich taxing the salt & gold trade.

8. Timbuktu Capital of Mali Home of Mansa Musa A Muslim/Islamic City
Muslims from all of West Africa came to the city to study at the universities.