1. MIDDLE KINGDOM CA. 1991– 1700 B.C. By: Noah, Jacob, Tyler, Reilly

2. Pharaohs  Mentuhotep II  Mentuhotep III  Mentuhotep IV  Amenemhet I  Senusret I  Amenemhat II  Senusret II  Senusret III  Amenemhet III  Amenemhet IV  Sobekneferu  Neferhotep I

3. Politics/Empire  A period of constant change  Militarism was common  Only 7 pyramids created

4. War/Military  No real standing army  Often took Nubian conscripts  Egypt often conscripted Nubian soldiers

5. Change Vs. Stability  were phased out of power  Society became more like the old kingdom  Pharaohs became depicted as divine and godlike

6. Jobs  Pharaohs hired writers to enhance the prestige by writing poems books and hymens  Conscription to build temples  Similar to preceding era’s  Very clear distinction between Upper Class and Lower Class

7. Burials Three types of burials:  Surface graves with or without coffins  Shaft graves, usually with coffins  Tombs with coffin and sarcophagus

8. Agriculture  Farming started to rejuvenate and thrive  Irrigation was greatly improved  More land used for farmland

9. Foreign Relations  Almost constant war with Nubia, went as far as Second Cataract  Fought and traded with some Middle East civilizations  By end of the Middle Kingdom, Egypt controlled Sinai, the Delta, and parts of Nubia

10. Citations  Roehrig, Catharine H. "Egypt in the Middle Kingdom (2030–1640 B.C.)". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mking/hd_mking.htm (October 2000)  Encyclopædia Britannica. "Mentuhotep II." Accessed March 10, 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/375448/Mentuhotep-II.  Bart, Anneke. "Mentuhotep III Sankhare." Saint Louis University. Accessed March 10, 2015. http://euler.slu.edu/~bart/egyptianhtml/kings%20and%20Queens/Mentuhotep_III_Sankhare.html. http://euler.slu.edu/~bart/egyptianhtml/kings%20and%20Queens/Mentuhotep_III_Sankhare.html  Hill, Jenny. "Middle Kingdom." Accessed March 11, 2015. http://www.ancientegyptonline.co.uk/middlekingdom.html. http://www.ancientegyptonline.co.uk/middlekingdom.html  Callender, V G. "Glazed steatite cylinder seal of Sobekneferu." The British Museum. Accessed March 11, 2015. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/aes/g/glazed_steatite_cylinder_seal.aspx. http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/aes/g/glazed_steatite_cylinder_seal.aspx  "Ritual Figure [Egyptian]" (14.3.17) In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works- of-art/14.3.17. (October 2006)  Bishop, Darlene. "Guided Tour Of Ancient Egypt." AbleMedia. http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/consortium/bishopegyptmiddlekingdom.htm.http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/consortium/bishopegyptmiddlekingdom.htm  Brewer, Douglas J., and Emily Teeter. 2006. EGYPT AND THE EGYPTIANS. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.  Wilkinson, Toby A. H. 2011. The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt. United States: Random House Inc.  Aldred, Cyril. The Egyptians. 3rd ed. Vol. 18. London: Thames and Hudson, 1998.