1. THE RISE OF ROME

2. ITALIAN gEOGRAPHY BOOT SHAPED PENINSULA RICH SOIL PLEASANT CLIMATE RIVERS SHORT/SWIFT NOT GOOD FOR INTERNAL NAVIGATION

3. legend Twin Brothers --- Romulus & Remus Father was god Mars Mother a mortal princess King set twins afloat on Tiber River Babies reached shore Raised by a female wolf Found by a shepard and his wife When grown killed the King and put real grandfather on throne Brothers set up city of Rome on edge of Tiber Brothers fight/Romulus kills Remus Rome is born!

5. Roman beginnings 3 main groups of people 1) Greeks 2) Estruscans 3) Latins

6. GREEKS Colonies of City-States along So. Italian coast and island of Sciily Spread alphabet

7. ETRUSCANS From Asia Minor Ruled most central Italy Ruled city of Rome ---taught use of arch ---taught engineering techniques to drain marshes around Rome ----gods/goddesses merged with Roman deities

8. LATINS Indo-European stock– in Italy by 800BC Settled along Tiber River Small villages on 7 hills Herded and farmed DROVE OUT ETRUSCANS 509BC Yea!!! Rome founded!!!

9. ROME’S 1 ST GOVERNMENT NEVER WANTED A KING AGAIN! REPUBLIC --- “Thing of the people” Officials chosen by the people (keep one person from gaining too much power)

10. STAGES OF ROMAN CIVILIZATION ROMAN REPUBLIC ROMAN EMPIRE LONG DECLINE

11. ROMAN REPUBLIC Most powerful body: The Senate 300 members All patricians== landholding upper class Served for life Issued decrees/interpreted laws

13. CONSULS Chosen by Senators 2 each year 1 year terms Patricians Had to ‘consult’ with Senate In charge of armies/govt business

14. DICTATOR IN EVENT OF WAR ONLY GIVEN EMERGENCY POWERS FOR 6 MONTHS HAD COMPLETE CONTROL DURING THIS TIME HAD TO GIVE UP POWERS AT END

15. CINCINNATUS MODEL DICTATOR While plowing fields told by messenger Left plow, organized army, led Rome to victory, attended celebrations, returned to his field 16 days!!!!

16. Plebeians Most everyone else (farmers, traders etc) Had little influence in early govt Politics in early Roman republic one of struggle by plebeians to gain power in government