1. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821)

2. Brief introduction Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815. His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best remembered for the wars he led against a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars, during which he established hegemony over much of Europe and sought to spread revolutionary ideals.

4.  Napoleon said: "My true glory is not to have won 40 battles...Waterloo will erase the memory of so many victories.... But...what will live forever, is my Civil Code.“  The Code still has importance today in a quarter of the world's jurisdictions including in Europe, the Americas and Africa.

5. EGYPTIAN EXPEDITION BATTLE OF WATERLOO

6. General Bonaparte and his expedition eluded pursuit by the Royal Navy and on 1 July landed at Alexandria.He fought the Battle of Shubra Khit against the Mukluks, Egypt's ruling military caste. This helped the French practice their defensive tactic for the Battle of the Pyramids fought on 21 July, about 24 km from the pyramids. General Bonaparte's forces of 25,000 roughly equalled those of the Mamluks' Egyptian cavalry, but he formed hollow squares with supplies kept safely inside. 29 French and approximately 2,000 Egyptians were killed. The victory boosted the morale of the French army.

8. In the Battle of Waterloo (Sunday 18 June 1815[5] near Waterloo, Belgium) forces of the French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte and Michel Ney were defeated by those of the Seventh Coalition, including a Prussian army under the command of Gebhard von Blücher and an Anglo- Allied army under the command of the Duke of Wellington. It was the decisive battle of the Waterloo Campaign and Bonaparte's last. The defeat at Waterloo put an end to Napoleon's rule as the French emperor, and marked the end of Napoleon's Hundred Days of return from exile.

9. In the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the victors exiled him to Elba, an island of 12,000 inhabitants in the Mediterranean, 20 km off the Tuscan coast. They gave him sovereignty over the island and allowed him to retain his title of emperor. Napoleon attempted suicide with a pill he had carried since a near-capture by Russians on the retreat from Moscow. Its potency had weakened with age, and he survived to be exiled while his wife and son took refuge in Austria. In the first few months on Elba he created a small navy and army, developed the iron mines, and issued decrees on modern agricultural methods.

10. In February 1821, Napoleon's health began to fail rapidly, and on 3 May two British physicians, who had recently arrived, attended on him but could only recommend palliatives.He died two days later, after confession, Extreme Unction and Viaticum in the presence of Father Ange Vignali.His last words were, "France, armée, tête d'armée, Joséphine."("France, army, head of the army, Joséphine.")

11. How do you think about this man? Which one you agree with? > His merits outweigh those mistakes. > His mistakes outweigh those merits.

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