1. Bellringer Get ready for your quiz! After your quiz, complete the “Treaty of Versailles” Worksheet individually BJOTD: What happens when two oxen bump into each other?

2. The Flawed Peace

3. The Peace Talks The peace discussions took place at the Palace of Versailles in 1918. 32 nations met. The Big Four were: – USA (Woodrow Wilson), France, Great Britain, Italy

4. Wilson’s 14 Points Woodrow Wilson came up with the Fourteen Points, which outlined a plan for a just and lasting peace worldwide – Freedom of trade and seas – Aid to colonial people – Redrawing borders of countries – 14 th point: the creation of a general group that would protect all nations – Main Idea: Self-determination People have the right to decide the fate of their own nation

5. The Allies Dictate a Harsh Peace France wanted to treat Germany very harshly June 28, 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed – Germany lost a lot of territory and had military restrictions – Germany was held to blame for the war: “war guilt” – Germany had to pay for all the damage: 33 billion – Germany lost all of its territories

6. Military Restrictions: Do Not Write Germany is not allowed to have tanks, airplanes, submarines, large warships and poison gas. During 15 years Germany is not allowed to station troops on the left border of the river Rhine and in a 50 km strip on the right border of the Rhine. The total size of the Germany army is not to exceed 100.000 men. The German navy has a maximum of 15.000 men.

8. “Lost but not Forgotten Land” “You must carve in your heart These words, as in stone What we have lost We will regain!”

9. League of Nations League of Nations-adopted from Wilson’s 14 th point – International peace group – The 5 allied powers were permanent members of the executive council US, Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan – Germany and Russia left out

10. The Creation of New Nations Other treaties were signed with Austria- Hungary and the Ottoman Empire. All resulted in the loss of territory – Austria-Hungary lost Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia – Russia lost Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (all became independent nations)

11. The Mandate System The nations created out of the former Ottoman Empire were not independent: they were mandates of France and Great Britain – Mandate: a commission by the League of Nations to create a responsible government in a former colony Iraq, Palestine, and Transjordan=Great Britain; Syria and Lebanon=France

13. “A Peace built on Quicksand” America refused to sign the treaty and decided to stay out of all European affairs Germans were angry because they got all the blame for the war Colonial participation in the war led to increased colonial demands for independence Japan and Italy did not gain as much territory as they wanted and so became bitter The League of Nations was weak and did not have the power to mediate conflicts

14. The Legacy of the War New technology 8.5 million soldiers dead 21 million wounded Many civilians died of starvation, disease and slaughter War cost 33 billion dollars Acres of land were destroyed Italy, Japan, Russia and Germany are all very unhappy

17. Ending Activities Page 381- Skill builder 1 and 2 Page 383- #3 Page 383- Skill Builder 1 and 2 Page 385- Focus on Graphs – ALL 3