1. “War… What Is It Good For?: Foreign Policy after WWI Chapter 16, Section 3 December 3, 2007

2. World War I creates anti- German feelings in the US After war-leads to dislike of many other immigrant groups WWI Propaganda

3. Post-WWI nativism Recall: nativism=hostility towards immigrants Following WWI, America returns to nativism Americans want to things to go back to “normal”-kick out everybody that is “different” Example of nativism: Chinese Exclusion Act

4. RED SCARE Anti-immigrant and anti-communist fears Communism=total equality of wealth (no class society-like capitalism has) Americans desire to expel “other” cultures and ideas from the country

5. Effects of Red Scare National Origins Act: placed quotas on immigrants coming from southern and eastern Europe, limiting immigration from those regions (this is where a lot of communist governments were established) Sacco and Vanzetti trial: Two Italian immigrants were convicted and sentenced to death for a store robbery. Evidence against them was very weak The men were unjustly persecuted because they were Italian

6. Related to Red Scare… Reemergence of Ku Klux Klan KKK regains support and grows in South Related to Red Scare desires to reject all groups different from the “norm” It is important to note that Northern state governments were being taken over by KKK.

7. U.S and the World after WWI After WWI, various nations owed the U.S. over 10 billion dollars for supplies during the war. This makes the U.S. a more powerful nation. Many people, including Harding, wanted to go back to ISOLATIONISM, but the U.S. was too powerful now to do that.

8. DAWES PLAN The U.S. needed Europe to be healthy economically to get their money back. Germany, however, could not pay back all of the $$ that they owed to other European countries, so the other European nations couldn’t pay the U.S. back. 1924 – Charles Dawes comes up with a plan for American banks to loan $$ to the Germans, and Europe agreed to smaller reparations payments.

9. Washington Conference Great Britain, France, Italy, China, Japan, Belgium, the Netherlands and Portugal meet in D.C. to try to stop everyone from building big navies. Charles Evans Hughes – wanted the countries to stop building new ships for a while and destroy some of the ones they had. His ideas lead to: Five-Power Naval Limitation Treaty – countries agree to Hughes’ idea Four-Power Treaty – Recognizes each country’s islands in the Pacific Nine-Power Treaty – Guarantees China’s independence Everyone hopes this will keep war from happening again.

10. Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 -- U.S. and French officials propose a treaty to OUTLAW WAR. It says that all nations will settle disputes with PEACEFUL means. 62 nations eventually agree to ratify it. Although it is a great idea, it doesn’t make a lot of sense. How do you enforce that treaty?

11. 1920s was a time when many Americans wanted a “return to normalcy.” They wanted to expel all those that were “different” and be culturally isolated. Huge resurgence in nativism leads to Red Scare-effort to expel many immigrants and communist believers KKK resurges- persecution of African Americans In sum…