1. Topic: Life Processes
Aim: Describe the characteristics that make something living or non-living.
Do Now in a group:
Imagine that you are space traveler who lands on an unknown planet. How could you determine if what you are looking at is alive. Ex. A rock and a blade of grass.
HW: page 31 copy section 2 – living things

2. The Characteristics of Living Things
Organism – Any living thing
Pets
Insects
Plants
Examples:

3. Cellular Organization
ALL organisms are made of small building blocks called CELLS
Cell : The basic unit of structure
and function in an organism

4. What do you need to Live?

5. The Needs of Living Things
Living things must satisfy their basic needs for:
1. Energy
2. Water
3. Living Space
4. Stable internal conditions

6. 6 Characteristics of Living Things
All living things have :
1. Cellular Organization
2. Contain Similar Chemicals
3. Use Energy
4. Grow & Develop
5. Respond to Their Surroundings
6. Reproduce

7. Review A ___________ is any living thing.
All organisms are made up of _________.
Describe 2 things that an organism must have to live.
What are the 6 characteristics of life?

8. Chemicals of Life
The cells of all living things are composed of chemicals
The most abundant chemical in cells is
WATER!

9. Other Chemicals Found in Cells…
Carbohydrates (Sugars)– are a cells energy
source.
Proteins and lipids (fats) – are the building materials of cells. (Much like wood and bricks are building materials for houses!)
Nucleic acids – are the genetic material- the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities

10. What are the 7 life processes?

11. Processes that must be carried out by ALL living things
What are
life
processes?
Processes that must be carried out by ALL living things

12. Life Processes: Transport Nutrition Locomotion Respiration Excretion
Growth
Regulation
*Reproduction

13. Circulation = Movement of materials through the body & within a cell
Transport
Circulation = Movement of materials through the body & within a cell

14. Example: Circulatory system = carries materials throughout your body

15. Blood = carries materials in the body
Heart = pumps blood
Blood vessels = carry blood

16. Other living things have circulatory systems like we do…

17. The chloroplasts in plants cells must be able to move around inside the cell = TRANSPORT

18. Absorption = Movement of materials into cells

19. Movement of materials out of cells
Outside cell
Inside cell

20. Topic: Life Processes
Aim: How do living organisms obtain nutrients?
Do Now: Explain how transport occurs in a human.
HW: page 32 make a foldable w/ using vocabulary – 15 words

21. Nutrition
Process in which organisms take in materials from the environment to be used by the body
Food = provides energy
2 types:

22. 1. Heterotrophic nutrition = organism cannot make it’s own food
Involves ingestion, digestion, and egestion
Example – humans

23. Ingest food = take it in (eat)

25. Digest food = break it down

26. Egestion = removing undigested food

27. 2. Autotrophic nutrition = organisms make their own food
PLANTS= photosynthesis

28. Photosynthesis = using light to produce food (glucose)

30. Algae

31. Movement of the entire body from one place to another
Locomotion

32. Animals move their whole bodies to get from one place to another.

33. Plants turn towards the light and their roots grow down into the soil.

35. Topic: Life Processes
Aim: What are the two types of respiration & how are they different?
Do Now: Explain the difference between autotrophic & heterotrophic.
HW: page 35 answer COMPLETELY questions 19-21

36. Production of ENERGY
Need nutrients (glucose) to make energy needed perform various activities
Respiration

37. 2 types:
1. AEROBIC RESPIRATION
requires OXYGEN to break down glucose to make energy
Example - humans

38. +
Glucose
Oxygen + +
Energy
Carbon Dioxide
Water

39. Plants and animals use the oxygen in the air to turn food into energy.

40. No oxygen required produce energy Example = yeast, bacteria
2. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
No oxygen required produce energy
Example = yeast, bacteria

41. Removal of METABOLIC (cellular) WASTES
Cellular wastes = wastes your cells make
CO2, water, salt, nitrogen wastes
Excretion

42. Plants and animals both need to get rid of waste gas and water…

43. Sweat = water, salt, urea (nitrogen waste)

44. Increase in cell # (cell division)
Growth

45. Cancer cells dividing

46. Bacteria cells dividing

47. Cell division of a sea urchin fertilized egg

48. Increase in cell size

49. Babies grow into adults.
Seedlings grow into plants.
Involve both cell division and cell growth.

50. Topic: Life Processes
Aim: Explain the two types of reproduction & how are they different?
Do Now: Explain the difference between aerobic & anaerobic respiration.
HW: page 17 – copy “Living Things Reproduce” section.

51. Production of new individuals
Individual organisms DO NOT have to reproduce to survive
BUT as a species it must in order to keep it’s kind alive
Reproduction

52. 2 types:
1. Asexual reproduction = requires 1 parent (cells divide to reproduce)

53. Other living things that reproduce by Asexual Reproduction

54. 2. Sexual reproduction – requires 2 parents
Example = humans

55. Animals have babies.
New plants grow from seeds.

56. Topic: Life Processes
Aim: How do synthesis, regulation, homeostasis & metabolism work together?
Do Now: Explain how reproduction occurs in both plants & animals.
HW: page 35 – Answer in complete sentences question #17.

57. Small molecules JOIN to form LARGE molecules
Synthesis
Small molecules JOIN to form LARGE molecules
Examples:
AA + AA  PROTEINS
Mono + Mono  polysaccharides
Dehydration synthesis

58. Control & Coordination of all life processes
Humans – nervous & endocrine systems
All living things respond to changes.
Living things notice changes in their surroundings and react to them.
Regulation

59. Maintains HOMEOSTASIS
HOMEOSTASIS = maintaining a stable, internal environment

61. Sum total of all life processes in the body
Every single thing carries out metabolic activities
Metabolism

63. Review: Identify the life process described.
Used to produce energy.
Needed for a species to survive
The breakdown of food
Type of nutrition that requires an organism to ingest food
The ability to move
The removal of metabolic wastes
When organisms take in materials from the environment to use

64. 8. Type of nutrition in which an organism produces its own food
9. The movement of substances throughout an organism or cell
10. When small substances join together to make larger substances
11. The removal of undigested food
12. Taking in food
13. Increase in cell size or cell number.