1. The Latin West Bulliet Chapter 15 Jessica Stroo Northeast Jones HS

2. Rural Life  Serfdom  Nobility  Clergy  Peasants  Female subordination  “…the image of God is found in man, not in woman…” Thomas Aquinas

4. Population Growth  Population growth = rural poverty  Ineffective farming methods  Three Field System  Social inequality  China vs. Europe  1200: China’s population was twice the size of Europe’s  1300: China and Europe each had roughly 80 million people  New Settlements  Environmental impacts

5. Black Death  Reversed population growth  China  Mongols and Kaffa  Genoese and Italy/France  1 in 3 Europeans died  Symptoms  Boils  Black patches of skin  Extreme body odor  Pain

8. Effects of Black Death  Psychological Impact  Religion  Penance  Jews  Party Time!  Social Changes  Serfdom disappears  Higher wages  Guilds

9. Guilds  Membership  Shortened periods of apprenticeships  Groups of specialized tradesmen/artisans  Silversmiths  Merchants  Blacksmiths  Regulated business

10. Technology  Mining  Watermills vs. water wheels  Dams on rivers  Windmills  Iron making  Bellows  Printing press  Gutenberg

12. Technology and Architecture  The Clock  Song Dynasty  Western European daily life  Cloche: bell  Pulley system rather than water powered  Regulation of employee work day  Beginning and end of class  Standardization of day length  Gothic Cathedrals  1140: France  Pointed arches  Flying buttresses  Stained glass  VERY high  Engineering problems  Notre Dame de Paris

14. Industry  Geographical and Environmental impacts  New towns  Canals  Changing flow of rivers  Pollution  Deforestation  Textiles  Flemish Cities (Flanders)  Bruges, Ghent, Ypres  Spinning wheel to England

15. Urban Revival  1200: growth results from manufacturing  Venice  “Fourth Crusade”  15 th century dominance  The MONGOLS  Hanseatic League  Baltic trade  Champagne (France)  International Market Fairs

17. Jewish Diaspora

18.  Spain  Persecution  Ghettoes  1492: Spanish expulsion  Poland

19. Banking  Florence, Italy  Checking accounts, private shareholding, bookkeeping  Medici family  Government and banking  Art  Fuggers, Augsburg  Jews and Christians Cosimo de Medici

20. Renaissance “rebirth”

21. Education  9 th Century  Charlemagne  Carolignian Renaissance  12 th Century  Larger “Renaissance”  Cities = center of intellectual and artistic life  Universities established  Northern Italy  Capture of Italy from Byzantines  Greek / Arabic manuscripts  Plato / Aristotle

22. Religion and Universities  Franciscans  St. Francis  Simple lives  Penance  Love of the poor  Dominicans  St. Dominic  Education  Theology  Madrasas vs. University  Latin  Bologna: legal training  Montpellier and Salerno: medicine  Paris and Oxford: theology  Queen of science  Scholasticism  Summa Theologica by Aquinas

24. Literature and Humanism  Dante Alighieri  The Divine Comedy  Greco-Roman classical themes/mythology  Tuscan Vernacular  Geoffrey Chaucer  The Canterbury Tales  English Vernacular  Petrarch  Boccaccio

25. Printing  Vatican Library  Pope Nicholas V  Erasmus of Rotterdam  New Testament errors/mistranslations  Printing Press  Gutenberg  Movable type  New ink  Gutenberg Bible 1454— first Western book printed with movable type

27. Art  Giotto  Florentine painter  Replaced stiff Byzantine figures  Natural portraits with emotion  Italian Art  Cosimo de Medici  Lorenzo de Medici  Saint Peter’s Basilica  Flemish Art  Jan van Eyck  Oil point  Leonardo da Vinci  Mona Lisa  The Last Supper fresco  Michelangelo  Sistine Chapel http://www.vatican.va/vari ous/cappelle/sistina_vr/ind ex.html

31. Great Western Schism (1378-1415)  Pope Boniface VIII  Divine law makes papacy superior to “every human creature”  King Philip “the Fair”  “I don’t think so!”  Arrest the pope  Avignon

32. Magna Carta (1215)  Battle of Hastings 1066  William the Conqueror  1200-1400  Wales and Ireland  King John  Lost Aquitaine What it did:  Monarchs subject to established law  Independence of the church and London  Guaranteed noble’s hereditary rights

33. Hundred Years War (….that lasted 116 years…someone can’t count)  France vs. England  Princess Isabella (Fr) and King Edward II (Eng)  Edward III of England  Claim to French throne  France want English lands in “France”  1356: Battle of Poitiers  Jean II (Fr) and 2000 nobles taken hostage  Ransom is OUTRAGEOUS  1372: Battle of La Rochelle  Naval victory for France  Control of English Channel  1415: Battle of Agincourt  Henry V (En) defeats 20,000 French troops  1 st use of artillery  1428-1429: Siege of Orleans  Joan of Arc

35. Joan of Arc (1412-1431)  13 years old  Visions  Charles is rightful king of France  Victory at Orleans  1429: Charles crowned king  1430: Joan captured in battle  1431: Recanted visions, sentenced to death  Burned at the stake in Rouen

36. New Monarchies and Iberia  Take over lands controlled by women  Decreasing dependence on knights  Charles VII  Tax on vassal lands  Jewish tax  English Parliament  House of Lords  House of Commons  French Estates General  Iberia  Spain/Portugal conquest of Muslim Iberia  Ferdinand and Isabella  Christopher Columbus  Jewish and Muslim expulsion