1. Education & Culture in the 1920s 21.3 & 21.4

2. Education  Review: Remember the changes we discussed during the Progressive Era for children?  Child labor laws  Compulsory education laws

3. Education in the 1920s…  School enrollment grows rapidly (Look at the graph on pg. 653)  Before the 1920s: Schools only teach classes aimed at college preparedness  During & After the 1920s: Schools begin to offer job training for those interested in industrial work.

4. Affects of higher enrollment:  1914: Approx. 1 million high school students in the US  1926: Approx. 4million high school students in the US  Literacy goes up (More Americans can read)

5. The Media  During the 1920s the media industry grows  More Americans began reading the newspaper  Between 1923-1930, 60% of American families purchased radios for their homes.

6. The Radio  Remember the rise of advertising? (Ch.20)  Advertising industry used to merely inform people about products  Now they were hiring psychologists, writers, and business professionals to convince people to buy products.  This is big money! Think about how ingrained advertising is in our culture today.

7.  Culture – the social, material, and intellectual patterns of a group of people  Or…  Culture – the beliefs, customs, and traditions of a group of people  Types of culture: class culture, American culture, School culture, Gamer culture

8. Culture  What shapes our culture? WE DO!  We are willing participants in our culture. Culture influences us and we also create our culture.  Institutions in society such as… Schools, families, mass media, etc

9. Mass Media  Mass Media – All means of communication that reaches a large audience  Types: TV, Radio, Newspapers, Magazines, Computers… Today: Social Media

10. Cultural Heroes  Who can be considered a “hero” in American culture today?  Biggest hero of the 1920s: Charles Lindbergh - Famous pilot who made the first nonstop solo flight across the Atlantic, F. Scott Fitzgerald (writer)

11. Other heroes of the 1920s  Babe Ruth (baseball player)  F. Scott Fitzgerald (writer)  Jack Dempsey (Professional boxer)  Red Grange “The Galloping Ghost” (Football player for U of I and the Chicago Bears… went to high school in Wheaton).

12.  Counterculture – A way of life and set of attitudes opposed to the prevailing social norms  Goes AGAINST popular culture… but it can BECOME popular culture  Example: The Harlem Renaissance

13. The Harlem Renaissance  The Harlem Renaissance – A literary and artistic movement celebrating African American culture  Led by well-educated, middle class African Americans expressing pride in their cultures and traditions

14. The Harlem Renaissance  Effects: Helped to establish a sense of pride in African American culture that had often been overlooked and under-appreciated  In Science: W.E.B. DuBois studies the sophisticated social structure of black communities to dispel the myth of “black inferiority.” He starts in Philadelphia and recreates his study in cities throughout the United States).

15. Projects Discussion  Tomorrow you will write your official proposals  Look through the book and these handouts and select your topic… start thinking about a project

16. Ch. 21 Review  Pg. 666 (#1-5, 9)  Pg. 667 (#1-3)