1. Miranda v. Arizona GREYSON PETTUS PLS 211 MR. NOEL DECEMBER 2ND, 2015

2. Defendant of the Case  Ernesto Miranda  Was only educated to an 8 th grade level  Was arrested numerous times  Was mentally unstable  Arrested for the kidnapping and rape of an  Was interrogated for two hours by police officers  Confessed both verbally and on paper  Was convicted and sentenced to 20 to 30 years in prison https://www.bing.com/images/searc h?q=ernesto+miranda&FORM=HDRS C2

3. The Original Case  Arrested for the kidnapping and rape of an 18 year old girl  Was interrogated for two hours by police officers  Confessed both verbally and on paper  Was convicted and sentenced to 20 to 30 years in prison  After Miranda was convicted, his lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court of Arizona  The Supreme Court of Arizona supported the original decision  Miranda’s lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States of America  After Miranda’s lawyer became unable to carry on due to health reasons, the ACLU got John Flynn to serve pro bono

4. Issue of Law  Miranda was undeniably guilty  However, the piece of evidence that was the center of the case was obtained through unconstitutional means  By pressuring Miranda, who had limited education and mental capacity, to confess had violated his 5 th and 6 th amendment rights

5. The Supreme Court  Escobedo v. Illinois  There were four other court cases that were very similar to Miranda’s  The Supreme Court agreed to hear all of these cases to clear up any resonating effects from Escobedo v. Illinois  Flynn and his associates argued that due to mental instability and poor education, Miranda did not know his rights and was forced to sign the confession

6. Supreme Court’s Decision  5-4 vote in favor of Miranda  Affirmation: Chief Justice Warren, and Justices Black, Douglas, Brennan, and Fortas  Dissention: Justices Harlan, Stewart, and White  Dissention in part: Justice Clark

7. Written Affirmation  Chief Justice Warren  Police interrogation can intimidate a suspect into blurting out a confession that may or may not be true due to fear  Criminals are usually uneducated, therefore, they will most likely not know there basic rights given to them by the Bill of Rights http://patriotspokenword.com/ho me/patriotic/people/chief-justice- earl-warren

8. Written Dissention  Justices Harlan and White  This decision could allow dangerous criminals to avoid conviction and could put the American people at risk  Support for this decision cannot be found in any major document https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Justice+White&view=detailv2&&id=97 E1D901F97B57B7421D9526A465F1539CE7E935&selectedIndex=1&ccid=QR9DXzLY &simid=608004298604349177&thid=OIP.M411f435f32d8232c11fcf26034981ee5H1 &ajaxhist=0

9. After Miranda v. Arizona  Miranda’s trial was thrown out  He was retried by the state of Arizona, this time without his confession  Used his victim and the woman he lived with as witnesses  Found guilty of kidnapping and rape and sentenced to 20 to 30 years in prison  Released after 5 years on parole  Killed by a man who was never convicted because was aware of his Miranda rights.

10. Implications on Daily Life and Society  After the Supreme Court made its decision, police departments all across the U.S. began issuing cards with the “Miranda Warning” on them.  The words on those cards are now known by almost everyone due to it being said on popular television shows that feature the arresting of criminals  This court case has made the general public more aware of their basic rights Disinfo.com

11. Works Cited  "Facts and Case Summary - Miranda v. Arizona." United States Courts. Accessed December 4, 2015. http://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/educational-activities/facts-and-case- summary-miranda-v-arizona.  "Miranda v. Arizona 384 U.S. 436 (1966)." Justia Law. Accessed December 4, 2015. https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/384/436/#annotation.   "Miranda v. Arizona." PBS. Accessed December 4, 2015. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_miranda.html.  "Miranda v. Arizona." IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. Accessed December 4, 2015. https://www.oyez.org/cases/1965/759.  “Miranda v. Arizona." History.com. Accessed December 4, 2015. http://www.history.com/topics/miranda-v-arizona.  "The Miranda Warning - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net." The Miranda Warning - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net. Accessed December 4, 2015. http://www.usconstitution.net/miranda.html