1. 4-th ISCAR Congress Sydney, Australia 2-d of October, 2014

2.  Quite often what occurs in educational or psychotherapeutic practices looks as some "miracle" or "magic“(either inspiring or disappointing).  A need for further research and theoretical conceptualization is (and will be always-?!) actual.

3.  1. Leading Activity  a) in Psychotherapy - activity on comprehension of life experience.  b) in Education – learning (in the holistic context of living).

4.  Definition. It is an activity on clarifying and organization of different aspects of life into a meaningful coordinated system.  Motive of this activity is an achievement of coordinated clarity in the living word of the person.  Actions the activity aimed at comprehending of life experiences in a concrete situation or in a whole life. Examples of actions: comprehending of a concrete experience or aspect of one’s life; conscious choice, meaningful action, forming of convictions, organization of different aspects of life experiences into a coordinated system, etc.  Operations: sensing one’s feelings and impressions; organization and coordination of impressions and subjective meanings with one another; interpretation, clarification; reflection; defending mechanisms(rejecting, altering, projecting, etc.) and so on.

5.  2. Type of Contact between Psychotherapist/Educator and Client/Student – is different in different approaches.  -vital for the whole situation

6.  3. Main New psychological formations.  – is different in different approaches.  -forming/shaping of Individual vital world of a person.  Individual vital world is an integral symbolical means of organization and regulation of activity of the person.

7.  Experts who develop psychotechnical approach in Russia today (Puzirei A.,1986, 2005; Vasiluk F., 1992, 2004, etc.), understand it as a methodology of general psychology, which subject is not “consciousness", but "work with consciousness"(Vasilyuk, 1992).  Sources of modern psychotechnical approach lay in the cultural and historical psychology of Lev Vygotsky, where development and functioning of human consciousness is understood as a process of active inter-and intra-individual application of cultural sign and symbolical means - psychological tools of the organization of human life.

8.  Psychotechnical approach can be considered as practical use of regularities of development and functioning of human consciousness in educational, counseling and other practical work. Within development of psychotechnical approach we introduce (Kolpachnikov V. V., 2004) a concept of psychotechnical system as purposefully or spontaneously organized practice aimed at change of consciousness and behavior of people.  Different types of psychological and educational practices can be considered as psychotechnical systems.

9.  1. A purpose of influence. The purpose can be declared obviously or remain implicit.

10.  2. A coordinated system of knowledge (concepts). This sign-and-symbolic system serves as means for estimation, explanation and regulation (control, correction) of practice.

11.  3. An organized system of activity, practice of people at whom "the psychotechnical system" is aimed. This activity will be organized in accord with the system of the knowledge, mentioned above, and plays a crucial role for efficacy of any psychotechnical practice, introducing real experience. This experience, in turn, is understood, comprehended, systematized according to the concepts inherent in this psychotechnical system.

12.  4. A psychologist (educator or other specialist) as a person (or group of people) who acts and "lives" in accord with this psychotechnical system in unity of its conceptual and practical parties, embodies it in a system of the activity.

13.  5. An organized system of interaction between the psychologist/educator and the client/student. In the course of proceeding intensive interaction the psychologist/educator inspires, organizes, instructs, supports, supervises and corrects activity of the client/student according to a conceptual basis of this psychotechnical system.

14.  Client/student interiorizes (to larger or smaller degree!) the system of knowledge and practice of the implied system and starts to perceive/understand reality and act in it in accord with the interiorized psychotechnical (educational, psychological) system.  Psychologist/educator receives new experience which may be a stimulus to further personal and professional development

15.  As an example of psychological practice viewed from psychotechnical perspective we considered the Client-Centered psychotherapy( CCT) - one of leading psychotherapeutic approaches in modern psychotherapy.  It is possible also to view ССT as a specific educational system. More and more specialists view psychological counseling and psychotherapy as an intimate educational process. (see, for example, Corey G.,2005)

16.  Veniamin Kolpachnnikov  National Research University Higher School of Economics  Moscow, Russia  vkolpachnikov@hse.ru