1. WS4-1 WORKSHOP 4 Stadium Truss NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003

2. WS4-2 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003

3. WS4-3 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 n Problem Description u Three truss designs are presented on the following pages. Select one design and analyze it.  The truss is made from steel with E = 30 x 10 6 psi and = 0.3. u The cross-sectional area is A = 4.516 in 2. u The torsional constant is 37.398 in 4. u A 500-lb point load is applied at (60,168,0). u The truss is bolted down at the Y=0 boundary. u Model the truss with rod elements.

4. WS4-4 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 n Workshop Objectives u Build the truss model and analyze it. Determine the maximum displacement and stresses. Is your design better than the arched-roof truss design presented in the Case Study? u Visualize the load path in the truss by plotting the rod element axial stresses. Follow the load from the load application point to the fixed base. Do the stresses make sense to you? u Become familiar with the.f06 file

5. WS4-5 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Configuration #1 Problem Information

6. WS4-6 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Configuration #2

7. WS4-7 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Configuration #3

8. WS4-8 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 n Suggested Exercise Steps 1. Select a truss configuration to model 2. Create a new database 3. Create nodes and elements 4. Create Material Properties 5. Create Physical Properties 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions 7. Run the finite element analysis using MSC.Nastran 8. Read the results into MSC.Patran 9. Plot displacements and stresses 10. Examine the.f06 file

9. WS4-9 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 1. Choose a Truss Configuration Configuration #1

10. WS4-10 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 2. Create New Database Create a new database called stadium_truss.db. a.File / New. b.Enter stadium_truss as the file name. c.Click OK. d.Choose Default Tolerance. e.Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f.Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g.Click OK. a d e f g b c

11. WS4-11 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create the first node. a.Elements: Create / Node / Edit. b.Enter [420 0 0] for the Node Location List. c.Click Apply. d.Click the Node size icon. d d a b c

12. WS4-12 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Finish creating all 11 nodes.

13. WS4-13 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create an element between the first two nodes. a.Elements: Create / Element / Edit. b.Set the Shape to Bar, Topology to Bar 2, and Pattern to Standard. c.Screen click on Node 1 and Node 2. An element is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked. b c a Node 1 Node 2

14. WS4-14 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating all19 elements. Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements

15. WS4-15 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 4. Create Material Properties Create an isotropic material a.Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input. b.Under Material Name input Steel. c.Click Input Properties, then enter 30e6 for the elastic modulus and 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. a e b d c d

16. WS4-16 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 5. Create Physical Properties Create physical properties for the rod elements a.Properties: Create / 1 D / Rod. b.Under Property Set Name input Circular_Rod. c.Click Input Properties. d.Click on the Select Material Icon e.Select steel for the material. f.Enter 4.516 for the Area. g.Enter 37.398 for the Torsional Constant. h.Click OK. a b c d f e g h

17. WS4-17 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 5. Create Physical Properties Select application region a.Click in the Select Members Box. b.Select the Beam element filter. c.Use the cursor to drag across all elements d.Click Add. e.Click Apply. a b c d e

18. WS4-18 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create the boundary condition a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Fixed. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

19. WS4-19 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the boundary condition a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the base of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

20. WS4-20 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the boundary condition a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

21. WS4-21 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create another boundary condition to constrain DOFs not connected to any element a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Unused_DOF. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

22. WS4-22 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the displacements a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the rest of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. f.Click Apply. a c d e f b

23. WS4-23 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Create a load named force a.Loads/BCs: Create / Force / Nodal. b.For the New Set Name, enter Force. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter a force of. e.Click OK. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a b c d e

24. WS4-24 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the load force a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the node at the tip of the truss as shown. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

25. WS4-25 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the load a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

26. WS4-26 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 7. Nastran Analysis Analyze the model a.Analysis: Analyze / Entire Model / Full Run. b.Click Solution Type c.Choose Linear Static. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. b a e c d

27. WS4-27 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 8. Read Results File into Patran Attach the results file a.Analysis: Access Results / Attach XDB / Result Entities. b.Click Select Results File. c.Choose the results file stadium_truss.xdb. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. e a b c d

28. WS4-28 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses Create a quick plot a.Results: Create / Quick Plot. b.Select Stress Tensor and X Component as the Fringe Result. c.Select Displacements, Translational as the deformation result. d.Click Apply. e.Record the maximum displacement and maximum and minimum stress. Max displacement = ______ Max X Stress = ______ Min X Stress = ______ a b c d

29. WS4-29 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses a b d e f Create a fringe plot a.Results: Create / Fringe. b.Select Stress Tensor as the Fringe Result. c.Select X Component as the Fringe Result Quantity. d.Click on the Plot Options Icon. e.Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None. f.Click Apply. c

30. WS4-30 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses View the un-averaged results a.Note the change in maximum stress. Un-averaged Max Stress = ____________________ Un-averaged Min Stress = ____________________

31. WS4-31 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 10. Examine the.f06 File Examine the.f06 file a.Open the directory in which your database is saved. b.Find the file titled stadium_truss.f06. c.Open this file with any text editor. d.Verify that the displacement and stress results agree with the graphical results shown in Patran.

32. WS4-32 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 1. Choose a Truss Configuration Configuration #2

33. WS4-33 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 2. Create New Database Create a new database called stadium_truss.db. a.File / New. b.Enter stadium_truss as the file name. c.Click OK. d.Choose Default Tolerance. e.Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f.Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g.Click OK. a d e f g b c

34. WS4-34 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create the first node. a.Elements: Create / Node / Edit. b.Enter [420 0 0] for the Node Location List. c.Click Apply. d.Click the Node Size icon. d d a b c

35. WS4-35 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Finish creating all 9 nodes.

36. WS4-36 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create an element between the first two nodes. a.Elements: Create / Element / Edit. b.Set the Shape to Bar, Topology to Bar 2, and Pattern to Standard. c.Screen click on Node 1 and Node 2. An element is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked. b c a Node 1 Node 2

37. WS4-37 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating all15 elements. Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements

38. WS4-38 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 4. Create Material Properties Create an isotropic material a.Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input. b.Under Material Name input Steel. c.Click Input Properties, then enter 30e6 for the elastic modulus and 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. a e b d c d

39. WS4-39 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 5. Create Physical Properties Create physical properties for the rod elements a.Properties: Create / 1 D / Rod. b.Under Property Set Name input Circular_Rod. c.Click Input Properties. d.Click on the Select Material icon. e.Select steel for the material. f.Enter 4.516 for the Area. g.Enter 37.398 for the Torsional Constant. h.Click OK. a b d f e g c h

40. WS4-40 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 5. Create Physical Properties Select application region a.Click in the Select Members Box. b.Select the Beam element filter. c.Use the cursor to drag across all elements d.Click Add. e.Click Apply. a b c d e

41. WS4-41 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create the boundary condition a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Fixed. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

42. WS4-42 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the boundary condition a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the base of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

43. WS4-43 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the boundary condition a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

44. WS4-44 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create another boundary condition to constrain DOFs not connected to any element a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Unused_DOF. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

45. WS4-45 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the displacements a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the rest of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. f.Click Apply. a c d e f b

46. WS4-46 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Create a load named force a.Loads/BCs: Create / Force / Nodal. b.For the New Set Name, enter Force. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter a force of. e.Click OK. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a b c d e

47. WS4-47 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the load force a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the node below the tip of the truss as shown. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

48. WS4-48 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the load a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

49. WS4-49 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 7. Nastran Analysis Analyze the model a.Analysis: Analyze / Entire Model / Full Run. b.Click Solution Type c.Choose Linear Static. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. b a e c d

50. WS4-50 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 8. Read Results File into Patran Attach the results file a.Analysis: Access Results / Attach XDB / Result Entities. b.Click Select Results File. c.Choose the results file stadium_truss.xdb. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. e a b c d

51. WS4-51 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses Create a quick plot a.Results: Create / Quick Plot. b.Select Stress Tensor and X Component as the Fringe Result. c.Select Displacements, Translational as the deformation result. d.Click Apply. e.Record the maximum displacement and maximum and minimum stress. Max displacement = ______ Max X Stress = ______ Min X Stress = ______ a b c d

52. WS4-52 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses a b d e f Create a fringe plot a.Results: Create / Fringe. b.Select Stress Tensor as the Fringe Result. c.Select X Component as the Fringe Result Quantity. d.Click on the Plot Options Icon. e.Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None. f.Click Apply. c

53. WS4-53 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses View the un-averaged results a.Note the change in maximum stress. Un-averaged Max Stress = ____________________ Un-averaged Min Stress = ____________________

54. WS4-54 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 10. Examine the.f06 File Examine the.f06 file a.Open the directory in which your database is saved. b.Find the file titled stadium_truss.f06. c.Open this file with any text editor. d.Verify that the displacement and stress results agree with the graphical results shown in Patran.

55. WS4-55 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 1. Choose a Truss Configuration Configuration #3

56. WS4-56 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 2. Create New Database Create a new database called stadium_truss.db. a.File / New. b.Enter stadium_truss as the file name. c.Click OK. d.Choose Default Tolerance. e.Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f.Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g.Click OK. a d e f g b c

57. WS4-57 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create the first node. a.Elements: Create / Node / Edit. b.Enter [420 0 0] for the Node Location List. c.Click Apply. d.Click the Node Size icon. d d a b c

58. WS4-58 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Finish creating all 18 nodes.

59. WS4-59 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements Create an element between the first two nodes. a.Elements: Create / Element / Edit. b.Set the Shape to Bar, Topology to Bar 2, and Pattern to Standard. c.Screen click on Node 1 and Node 2. An element is automatically created because Auto Execute is checked. b c a Node 1 Node 2

60. WS4-60 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating all 34 elements. Step 3. Create Nodes and Elements

61. WS4-61 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 4. Create Material Properties Create an isotropic material a.Materials: Create / Isotropic / Manual Input. b.Under Material Name input Steel. c.Click Input Properties, then enter 30e6 for the Elastic Modulus and 0.3 for the Poisson Ratio. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. a e b d c d

62. WS4-62 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 d f e g Step 5. Create Physical Properties Create physical properties for the rod elements a.Properties: Create / 1 D / Rod. b.Under Property Set Name input Circular_Rod. c.Click Input Properties. d.Click on the Select Material Icon. e.Select steel for the material. f.Enter 4.516 for the Area. g.Enter 37.398 for the Torsional Constant. h.Click OK. a b c h

63. WS4-63 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 5. Create Physical Properties Select application region a.Click in the Select Members Box. b.Select the Beam element filter. c.Use the cursor to drag across all elements d.Click Add. e.Click Apply. a b c d e

64. WS4-64 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create the boundary condition a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Fixed. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

65. WS4-65 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the boundary condition a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the base of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

66. WS4-66 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the boundary condition a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

67. WS4-67 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Create another boundary condition to constrain DOFs not connected to any element a.Loads/BCs: Create / Displacement / Nodal. b.For the set name, input Unused_DOF. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter for Translations and for Rotations. e.Click OK. a b c d e

68. WS4-68 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the displacements a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the rest of the truss. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. f.Click Apply. a c d e f b

69. WS4-69 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Create a load named force a.Loads/BCs: Create / Force / Nodal. b.For the New Set Name, enter Force. c.Click Input Data. d.Enter a force of. e.Click OK. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a b c d e

70. WS4-70 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions Apply the load force a.Click Select Application Region. b.For the Geometry Filter, select FEM. c.For the application region, select the node at the tip of the truss as shown. d.Click Add. e.Click OK. a b c d e

71. WS4-71 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Finish creating the load a.Click Apply. Step 6. Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions a

72. WS4-72 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 7. Nastran Analysis Analyze the model a.Analysis: Analyze / Entire Model / Full Run. b.Click Solution Type c.Choose Linear Static. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. b a e c d

73. WS4-73 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 8. Read Results File into Patran Attach the results file a.Analysis: Access Results / Attach XDB / Result Entities. b.Click Select Results File. c.Choose the results file stadium_truss.xdb. d.Click OK. e.Click Apply. e a b c d

74. WS4-74 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses Create a quick plot a.Results: Create / Quick Plot. b.Select Stress Tensor and X Component as the Fringe Result. c.Select Displacements, Translational as the deformation result. d.Click Apply. e.Record the maximum displacement and maximum and minimum stress. Max displacement = ______ Max X Stress = ______ Min X Stress = ______ a b c d

75. WS4-75 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses Create a fringe plot a.Results: Create / Fringe. b.Select Stress Tensor as the Fringe Result. c.Select X Component as the Fringe Result Quantity. d.Click on the Plot Options Icon. e.Set the Averaging Definition Domain to None. f.Click Apply. a b d e f c

76. WS4-76 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 9. Plot Displacements and Stresses View the un-averaged results a.Note the change in maximum stress. Un-averaged Max Stress = ____________________ Un-averaged Min Stress = ____________________

77. WS4-77 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003 Step 10. Examine the.f06 File Examine the.f06 file a.Open the directory in which your database is saved. b.Find the file titled stadium_truss.f06. c.Open this file with any text editor. d.Verify that the displacement and stress results agree with the graphical results shown in Patran.

78. WS4-78 NAS120, Workshop 4, November 2003