1. Emerging Issues in Education Brian Stecher

2. It Seems to Me That We Should Be Watching… Measurement of School Quality Interstate Differences Competing Models of Governance Financial Constraints

3. Need Better Measures of School Quality Accountability is not going away The NCLB metrics are too limited Finding ways to broaden and deepen –Student outcomes –Effective practices –Institutional improvement

4. Differences Among States Lead to Inequities Academic content standards are similar, yet… “Proficiency” varies inexplicably Resources are dramatically different Population shifts may widen differences further

5. 325 275 250 225 220 8 th grade math scores MissouriMaineLouisianaSouth CarolinaArizonaHawaiiMassachusettsWyomingArkansasWashingtonNorth DakotaKentuckyCaliforniaRhode Island District of Columbia Maryland South DakotaIdahoPennsylvania KansasNew Jersey Connecticut MichiganNevadaDelawareOregonIllinoisMontanaNew MexicoIndianaAlaskaFloridaColorado North Carolina IowaMississippiWisconsin Georgia OklahomaTexas Virginia State Proficiency Standards Vary Widely State standard for proficiency, in NAEP equivalent score NAEP Proficient NAEP Basic 300

6. K-12 Funding Varies Greatly by Location Current per-pupil expenditures for public elementary and secondary schools, 2002-2003

7. K-12 Enrollment Will Shift Geographically in the Coming Years Percent change in grades K–12 enrollment in public schools, by state: Fall 2002 to fall 2014

8. The Racial and Ethnic Mix of the Student Population Is Changing

9. Greater Diversity in Educational Providers Traditional models of governance are changing New kinds of educational providers –Vouchers, Magnets, Charters,Home Schooling –Distributed education

10. Resource Constraints Expenditures on education have risen consistently States may not be able to sustain growth Special education costs rising particularly fast –Many districts robbing Peter to pay Paul

11. Per Pupil Funding for K-12 Education Is Increasing $0 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 $9,000 $10,000 197019741978198219861990199419982002 Academic year ending... Public revenue per elementary and secondary school student in constant 2001-02 dollars

12. The U.S. Spends More Per Student Than Most Other Developed Countries

13. The Cost of Post-Secondary Education Has Been Increasing Private four-year Public four-year Public two-year Average annual tuition and fee charges (2003 $)