1. OTTOMAN EMPIRE 1299-1923 CR-7: Collaborate towards a creative outcome

2. OTTOMAN FUN FACT! The last time the Chicago Cubs won a World Series, the Ottoman Empire still existed

3. ORIGINS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE Mongol conquests had torn apart Asia Minor into smaller states Osman I rose to power in one of these smaller states

4. ABOUT THE PEOPLE Turkish background and language Sunni Islam Nomadic and militaristic-ghazis “warriors for the Islamic faith” Named Ottomans after Osman I Following rulers were descendants. Starting with Orhan I, called themselves sultans

7. HOW DID THEY EXPAND? Military Power Gunpowder Janissaries-elite soldiers loyal only to the sultan

8. TIMUR

9. NEW LEADER AND CONSTANTINOPLE Mehmed II was a strong emperor who decided to finally conquer Constantinople, the last vestige of the Roman Empire and a Christian stronghold http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of- us/videos/fall-of-constantinoplehttp://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of- us/videos/fall-of-constantinople Constantinople was conquered with the use of cannons City renamed Istanbul and became new capital

10. ISTANBUL Soldiers allowed to pillage for three days New population Hagia Sophia becomes a mosque

11. SULEYMAN THE MAGNIFICENT 1514 Battle of Chaldiran-Beat Safavids Emperor who brought the Ottoman Empire to its peak and territory was expanded Known as “Kanuni” or law-giver for his law codes  Improved bureaucracy and government  Tax system  Court system

12. SOCIAL STRUCTURE Upper elite class completely loyal to the sultan and act as advisors Lower class that was very diverse in language and religion Millets to protect religious freedom

13. DECLINE 1. 1571 A.D. – decline began after several military defeats 2. 1683 A.D.-failed invasion of Vienna, Austria 3. Economic problems -trade competition from Americas -cheap products from India & Far East -development of other trade routes -rising unemployment & near bankruptcy

14. OTTOMAN EMPIRE WAS BROKEN UP AFTER WWI

15. SAFAVIDS-1500-1722

16. ALL ABOUT THE SAFAVIDS Shia Islam; Persian Culture Founded by Esma’il (father died from fighting Sunnis) Capital of Esfahan Claimed title Shah and took control of most of Iran and parts of Iraq Shiism is official religion; contrasts the Sunni majorities of surrounding empires

17. SHAH ABBAS Ruled starting in 1588 and strengthened the empire Started the use of gunpowder Enslaved Russian youths as soldiers Golden age of culture through trade

18. ARTISTIC DEVELOPMENT Glazed tiles and ceramics Colorful Tiles and Domes Hand-woven Persian Carpets

19. REFLECT Fill out the chart on the front of your note sheet with the most important facts from the Ottomans and the most important facts from the Safavids. Underneath the chart, answer “Why is it important that we study the Ottoman and Safavid Empires?”