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Lecture 12 Web: pollev.com/ucibio Text: To: 37607 Type in: 169964
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Carbohydrate diversity increased by cyclization!
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Functions of carbs: Energy Other sugars used for energy? Stored as polysaccharides Circulating ___________ for energy LARGE, branched or unbranched forms - Created by specific enzymes - Broken down by specific enzymes Why polysaccharides?
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Midnight tonight Upload to Dropbox – “Polysaccharides”
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Bond rotation = structure!
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Functions of carbs: Structure
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Functions of carbs: Storage
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Functions of carbs: Structure, function
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Changing CHO functional groups
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Glycoproteins Specific tissues/organisms = Specific modifications Carbohydrates can be joined to proteins (Asn, Ser, Thr)
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Biological relevance of glycosylation Specific antibodies can bind Blood group antigen protein = Same!
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Proteoglycans contain more carbs than protein! Incredibly diverse & complex Keratan, Chondroitin, Dermatan, Hyaluronate, etc. Contain glycosaminoglycans
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Proteoglycans = Protein + Glycosaminoglycans
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Proteoglycans Many roles: - Cushioning - Lubricative - ECM Can be upto 95% glycosaminoglycan! Eg. 1: Aggrecans + Hyaluronan in cartilage
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Cushioning
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Proteoglycans Many roles: - Cushioning - Lubricative - ECM Can be upto 95% glycosaminoglycan! Eg. 1: Aggrecans + Hyaluronan in cartilage Eg. 2: ECM
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ECM
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Carbohydrates & Lectins No glycosylation = No recognition Different glycosylation = No recognition Specific carbohydrates/patterns recognized No recognition = ?
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Carbohydrates & Lectins
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Protein recognition Proteins made? - How to “target”? Specific glycosylation pattern “mails” proteins to lysosome Function of lysosome? - - Degradative enzymes must get to lysosome! No glycosylation = ?
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Protein recognition No glycosylation = ?
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I-Cell disease Glycosaminoglycans, etc. form Inclusions in lysosome Degradative enzymes in blood & urine Protein stuck. Effects? I-cell disease
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