1. Space Planning for Libraries Eileen K. Saner Associated Mennonite Biblical Seminary Elkhart, Indiana USA March 8, 2007

2. Managing in Existing Space Does everything need to be there? –Move out non-library users –Move out non-library materials –Remote storage for lesser-used materials –Weeding According to Collection Policy –By topic, type of material, historical coverage By date/ number of circulations Using faculty

3. Add Shelving or Seating More shelves/unit –Move oversized books to separate collection More units –Narrow aisles (not less than 60 cm.) –Fit shelving in wherever possible –Floor loading (730 kg/meter 2 ) Replace shelving with seating –Seating preference

4. Moving into Other Space Adjacent rooms Floor is strong enough for books? –730 kg/metre 2 –Level and smooth for shelving Reasonable temperature and humidity Avoid direct sunlight on books Lighting over book stacks Arrangement of collections and services What have you done?

8. Two Layouts for the Upper Room 1.5 m. between center posts –Aisle width depends on width of shelves –Aisle width at least.9 m. –6 rows of 7 sections 1.2 m. between center posts –Aisle width depends on width of shelves –Aisle width at least.6 m. –7 rows of 7 sections

11. Two Layouts for the Upper Room 1.5 m. between center posts –Aisle width at least.9 m. –6 rows of 7 sections 1.2 m. between center posts –Aisle width at least.6 m. –7 rows of 7 sections

12. Shelving layouts Upper Room (7.6 m. x 10.8 m) –U.S. standard (90 cm. aisles) 6 rows x 7 sections = 42 sections –Packed (60 cm. aisles) 7 rows x 7 sections = 49 sections Classroom down the hall ( 6.1 m. x 5.8 m.) –U.S. standard (90 cm. aisles) 3 rows x 5 sections = 15 sections –Packed (60 cm. aisles) 4 rows x 5 sections = 20 sections Reading Room (9.7 m. x 13.7 m) –U.S. standard (90 cm. aisles) 8 rows x 10 sections = 80 sections –Packed (60 cm. aisles) 11 rows x 10 sections = 110 section

13. Comparing Capacity Sections with U.S. Standard (91 cm. aisles) –15 + 42 + 80 = 137 Sections with Packed (60 cm. aisles) –20 + 49 + 110 = 179 Difference between U.S. Standard and Packed –42 sections –Packed is 31% more shelving than Generous Moving 186 sections from lower level

14. Aisle Widths In centimetres MinimumStandard In U.S. Generous Between center posts100140170 Depth of shelf 18 x 2 = 36 25 x 2 = 50 30 x 2 = 60 Width of aisle AMBS minimum 64 61 90110

15. Planning for New Space Clearly state assumptions and needs for decision-makers. “Building Program” Trends in environments –Enrollment and seating for library users On campus, commuting, distance Tables, carrels, computers, group study rooms –Nature of collection growth Money for purchasing and gifts Print, audiovisual and electronic

16. Planning for New Space Trends in environments (2) –“Library as place” Integrating print and electronic resources Comfortable, productive environment Guidance from library professionals Collaboration (group study) How long will library serve? –20 years is the standard. –Likely will be much longer. Expansion?

17. Space Needed Staff –Work areas –Materials storage Seating –Numbers –Tables, carrels, computers, soft chairs –Small group study rooms, computer lab –Noisy areas (traffic) and quiet areas

18. Space Needed for Materials Books and AV (individual items) –Current collection –Rate of growth –Years for planning –75%-80% shelf occupancy is “full” Periodicals –Current collection –Predictable rate of growth –Years for Planning

19. Library Building Program (1) Introduction –Vision and priorities –Environmentally sustainable design –Trends in library services and theological education Characteristics of the New Library –Integrating print and electronic resources –Environmental control

20. Library Building Program (2) Functional Relationships –Areas to be close to the entrance and adjacent Description of Each Functional Area –Activities in that area –Space and furnishings needed Appendices –Assumptions for collection growth

21. Journals Calculating Growth in Centimeters TitleCurrent ? Space Now Growth One Year Space Add 20 Years Total Space In 20 Years Bible StudyY20480100 J of European Bap. Stu Y405100140 J of ReligionY308160190 Louvain StudiesN10000 Mission StudiesY100480180 Novum TestamentumY3008160460 Total1170

22. Journals: Projecting Shelving MetersSections Meters of journals now in library100 Meters of journals in 20 years180 Shelving now in library 2 rows of 5 sections with 12 shelves(1m) 12010 Added shelving needed605 Total shelving needed 3 rows of 5 sections with 12 shelves(1m) 18015

23. Bookshelf: Measuring Contents (in centimeters) Row 1 Sec. 1Sec. 2Sec. 3Sec. 4Sec 5Sec 6 Total Row 1 111111 222222 333333 444444 555555 666666 Total

24. Measuring Bookshelf Contents (in centimeters) Row 2 Sec. 1Sec. 2Sec. 3Sec. 4Sec 5Sec 6 Total Row 1 1 80 1 90 1 80 1 70 1 90 2 70 2 90 2 80 2 90 2 80 2 90 3 80 3 70 3 90 3 80 4 70 4 90 4 80 4 70 5 50 5 80 5 90 5 80 6 60 6 80 6 90 6 80 6 90 Tot 410 510 500 490 480 500 2890

25. Percent Shelf Occupancy 1 Total number of shelves 10 rows of 6 sections (12 shelves) 720 2 Length of one shelf in centimeters 100 3 Centimeters of shelf space (1 X 2) 72,000 4 Centimeters of shelf space now occupied with books 65,000 5Percentage (%) occupied (4 / 3)90%

26. Books Calculating Growth in Centimeters 1 Projected # books added/year 500 2 Ave. width of book in centimetres Sample shelves in the library 1 3 Additional space needed each year in cm. 500 4 Years planned for addition 20 5 Additional shelf space needed in 20 years 10,000

27. Size of Collection in 20 Years Current collection in centimeters65,000 Additional collection space in 20 years10,000 Total collection in 20 years75,000 Shelves needed at 80% occupancy938 Sections at 12 shelves per section78

28. Sections of Shelving 12 shelves per section, two sides BooksPeriodicalsAVArchiveOther Now6010686 Add in 20 years 185221 Total in 20 years 78158107